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AcaDec 2024_25 Climate > Social Science Section 3 > Flashcards

Social Science Section 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Being derived from Greek, what does “Anthropocene” translate to.

A

Human & New

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2
Q

When is the Anthropocene said to have started?

A

1950

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3
Q

T or F: The Anthropocene is an OFFICIAL geological epoch according to the IUGS

A

False

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4
Q

T or F: Our outputs today will effect the Earths climate for many Millenia

A

True

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5
Q

Without human intervention, the earth would be… Cooling or Warming?

A

Cooling

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6
Q

When did humans start burning fossil fuels in part of the industrial revolution

A

Late Eighteenth Century (~1790)

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7
Q

According to the chart on page 39, how much has the population grown from 1950 to Today (2010)?

A

~4 Billion, Over Double.

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8
Q

Who popularized the term “Great Acceleration”?

A

J.R. McNeil

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9
Q

If the Holocene is an Interglacial period, why are we not in another Ice age right now?

A

The Effects we are causing to the climate is warming it up.

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10
Q

When was the term “Anthropocene” first used?

A

Year 2000

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11
Q

Traces of what were found in sediment core samples in the 1950s?

A

The artificial element is plutonium-329

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12
Q

Who were the first 2, to used the term “Anthropocene in the year 2000?

A

Paul J. Cruten and Eugene F. Stoermer

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13
Q

IN what year did they start treating the Anthropocene as a geological epoch?

A

Mid-twentieth century

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14
Q

When was the so called “Great Acceleration”?

A

1950

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15
Q

Who popularized the image of Industrial Revolution?

A

British Writer Charles Dickens

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16
Q

What era was foundational to the Anthropocene?

A

1800 to 1050

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17
Q

Around what year did human activity alter the Earth System?

A

1950

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18
Q

Who labeled the changing that occurred during the “Great Acceleration” in 1950?

A

J.R. McNeill

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19
Q

When did humans start to interact with the Earth in a way that has never been seen before?

A

In the mid-twentieth century

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20
Q

Why is the 1950 unique to human history?

A

There’s data showing how quickly and greatly humans have transformed the natural world.

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21
Q

What year marked the start of technology?

A

1800

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22
Q

What is the IPCC?

A

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

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23
Q

What was one of the main causes of the “Great Acceleration”

A

The growing human population

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24
Q

What was the human population in 1780 and 1930?

A

In 1780 the population was less than 1 billion and in 1930 it was 2 billion

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25
Q

When did discussion of the Industrial Revolution begin?

A

The late eighteenth century

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26
Q

How high has the Atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide risen from 1750 to 2010?

A

It rose from around 270 to almost 390

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27
Q

Around what time did humans start to alter landscapes and built structures that are still here today?

A

Around 12,000 years ago

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28
Q

What is lowest layer of the atmosphere?

A

troposphere

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29
Q

Because of climate change, temperatures in the troposphere are rising or cooling?

A

rising

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30
Q

True or False? In the higher layers of the atmosphere, temperatures are cooling.

A

True (this is where the atmosphere is thinner)

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31
Q

Is it a problem that the temperature of the troposphere of the atmosphere is rising and the higher layers are cooling?

A

Yes because it could create instability

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32
Q

How thick is the troposphere?

A

about 7 miles

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33
Q

Who argued in the mid-nineteenth century that atmospheric water vapor and carbon dioxide could interact with solar rays to raise the Earth’s temperature?

A

Eunice Newton Foote (1819-88)

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34
Q

How are fossil fuels formed?

A

from the remains of living organisms from past geological epochs, and are stored in the earth from past geological epochs

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35
Q

What were steam engines powered by? (Hint: it had to be burnt in order to do so)

A

coal

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36
Q

What happens once fossil fuels are released in the atmosphere?

A

they serve as a greenhouse gases

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37
Q

What country is the largest producer of oil in 2022?

A

the United States (it produces 20.21 million barrels per day and share 20% of the world’s total oil production)

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38
Q

In what Iraqi city was oil discovered in 1927?

A

Kirkuk

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39
Q

According to U.S. sources of greenhouse gas emissions in 2020, what percentage of emissions are from fossil fuel combustion and therefore carbon dioxide?

A

72.6% CO2, 10.9% methane, nitrous oxide 7.1%, high-GWP gases 3.2%, and other CO2 6.2% (which is a total of 5,081 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent (CO2e))

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40
Q

What is black gold?

A

a popular term that references oil, its immense value, and the fact that it, like gold, must be extracted from the Earth even at the expense of theres’ freedom and economic viability

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41
Q

What is the United Nations (UN)?

A

an intergovernmental organization founded in 1945 in the wake of WWII with a continued aim of promoting peace, dignity, equality, and a healthy planet

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42
Q

True or False? According to the United Nations, it was reported that fossil fuels account for over 75% of global greenhouse gas emissions and almost 80% of CO2 emissions

A

False, it fossil fuels compromise almost 90% of CO2 emissions

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43
Q

What two gases are still greenhouse gases even though they aren’t produced by fossil fuels?

A

methane and nitrous oxide

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44
Q

What century did industrialization started?

A

19th century

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45
Q

Who cut down on greenhouse gas emissions?

A

The US and European Union

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46
Q

What dose Black gold Refer to?

A

oil

47
Q

What did the Nations use their accumulated wealth for at the start of industrialization?

A

To build factories and industrial infrastructure.

48
Q

Who has increased their greenhouse gas emissions?

A

China and India

49
Q

How much of global green house emissions are from fossil fuels?

A

about 75%

50
Q

What are carbon dioxide emissions?

A

(CO2) emissions are the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere over a period of time and area

51
Q

Who is the world’s leading emitter?

A

China

52
Q

What goods did colonies sent to power in Europe?

A

Food, cotton or oil were produced in colonies and sent to manufacture in Europe.

53
Q

What is considered a developed country?

A

Due to its developments on modernization.

54
Q

Between 1990 and 2017 about what was the max amount of kt co2 released?

A

6,000,000 kt of co2

55
Q

Who are the top four emitters?

A

China, the US, the EU, and India

56
Q

What does GDP stand for?

A

Gross Domestic Product

57
Q

Between 1990 and 2017 about what was the least amount of kt co2 released?

A

4,500,000 kt of co2

58
Q

What is GDP a marker of?

A

Wealth

59
Q

What is the majority amount of co2 released for?

A

Energy

60
Q

Why can’t India and China simply cub bemissions down like the US and EU?

A

Because they’re trying to base their societies on fossil fuels, and the rules are being changed, so they’re blamed for the emissions

61
Q

What countries is global concentrated at and why?

A

Western countries because they benefited from industrialization for centuries.

62
Q

What do methane, nitric oxide, and carbon dioxide all have in common?

A

all green house gases

63
Q

What is the name of the energy source that contains oil, natural gas, and coal?

A

fossil fuels

64
Q

True or False: The US and EU can cut global emissions alone sufficiently

A

False

65
Q

What percentage of the global GPD does The U.S. and China account for?

A

42%

66
Q

What is the United States GDP?

A

$22.94 Trillion

67
Q

How much carbon dioxide does China emit in comparison to the US?

A

China emits about half as much as the US

68
Q

What is China’s GDP?

A

$16.86T

69
Q

How much did the kt of co2 emissions go down between 1990-2017

A

about 1,500,000 kt of co2 emissions

70
Q

How much carbon dioxide does India emit in comparison to the US?

A

India emits about 1/7 of the carbon dioxide the US does

71
Q

What’s India’s GDP?

A

$2.95T

72
Q

How much CO2 emissions of Western nations has China produced since 1750?

A

about 1/4

73
Q

T or F: media and social beliefs color people’s perception of the natural world

A

True

74
Q

What is apart of the Triple Planetary Crisis?

A

Climate Change, Air Pollution, and Biodiversity loss

75
Q

Loss of certain animals or plants is often related to…

A

Disruptions in local habitats

76
Q

T or F: Human habitats are currently experiencing stress from the natural forces

A

True

77
Q

Climate change threatens what of communities in regions where their livelihood depend on ecological conditions?

A

economical/ financial impact

78
Q

The heat in Iran reached what deadly temperature?

A

150 degrees Fahrenheit

79
Q

T or F: Fires are not harmful for human societies

A

False

80
Q

What are two water-related things that are impactful for human societies in a negative way?

A

Floods and Droughts

81
Q

What does Anthropocene mean

A

A term that describes a new era in climate history that recognizes the central role of humankind in geology

82
Q

What places have abnormally severe fires in the recent years?

A

Greece, Australia, California, Canada, and Hawaii

83
Q

True or False: Climate change can cause financial demise?

A

True

84
Q

True or False: Dry and Windy Temperatures do NOT amplify dry and windy conditions?

A

False

85
Q

What are some things that dry and windy conditions do?

A

fuel fires and spread them

86
Q

Can human activities impact whether or not a fire will occur?

A

yes

87
Q

What contributes to flood risk?

A

rain and snow melting

88
Q

How much more often do high-tide flooding occur then 50 years ago?

A

300% to more than 900%

89
Q

How many Americans move from their home due to extreme weather events each year.

A

Approx 30 million

90
Q

True or False: Climate change doesn’t psychologically affect humans?

A

False

91
Q

Warmer temperatures can only result in more water migrating to the atmosphere if..

A

The temperature is over large bodies of water

92
Q

What else can warmer temperatures over large water bodies do?

A

Increase Precipitation

93
Q

What was the worst mega drought of in 1,200 years?

A

Western United States by 2022

94
Q

True or False: Horn of Africa is 100 times more likely to experience drought than the Western Mediterranean

A

True

95
Q

What side of the United States has the most droughts, west or east.

A

West

96
Q

True or False: Drought has no affect on the viability of an area for human life

A

False

97
Q

What year did Hurricane Ian strike Florida?

A

2022

98
Q

How much money in damages did Hurricane Ian cause in Florida?

A

$112 billion

99
Q

True or False: Everyone has the same sensitivity to temperature

A

False

100
Q

What is type of infection is caused by climate change

A

Waterborne

101
Q

Does Climate change bring new health issues

A

Yes, cause heatwaves

102
Q

True or False: Malnutrition is influenced by floods and droughts

A

True

103
Q

True or False: Many infectious diseases are highly sensitive to climate change?

A

True

104
Q

T or F: Humans are pushing the Earth into a new geological and climatic epoch.

A

True

105
Q

How many barrels of oil did the world use every day in 2022?

A

99.89 million barrels per day

106
Q

Which country was the #5 largest oil producer in 2022?

A

China

107
Q

What percentage of oil did the top ten oil producers use per day in 2022?

A

73%

108
Q

Why is geography an important factor in the extraction of fossil fuel and their emission as greenhouse gases?

A

This is because Fossil fuels can only be extracted from locations where they are found

109
Q

What influences where fossil fuels are used?

A

The regions of the world with wealth and political power to build the infrastructure for them.

110
Q

How much oil did the world use per day in 2021?

A

96.66 million barrels per day

111
Q

Is the amount of oil being used everyday increasing or decreasing?

A

The amount has increased (By 3.23 million barrels of oil per day)

112
Q

The history of oil is intertwined with which continent’s history of colonialism and imperialism?

A

Europe

113
Q

Which continent has had control of almost every country at some point in time?

A

Europe

114
Q

Which countries saw an increase of oil consumption from 2021 to 2022 from the 10 largest oil producers?

A

The United States, Saudi Arabia, Russia, Brazil, and Canada all saw an increase of oil consumption.

AcaDec 2024_25 Climate (21 decks)

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