Art Section 1 - Part 2 Flashcards
What is an example of a previously dismissed craft that art historians might now include in their studies?
textiles
Who commissioned the paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?
Pope Julius II
Which material was primarily used to create the cave paintings found in Chauvet Cave?
red ochre and black charcoal, had minimal yellows
Which of the following styles does Ancient Egyptian art MOST emphasize?
a. symmetry
b. linear perspective
c. hierarchical scale
d. realism
e. geometric precision
Hierarchical scale, using the social status of figures and objects to determine their size (a king would be more prominent than a regular person)
King Tutankhamun’s burial mask is made of gold and adorned with
blue glass as well as several semi-precious stones such as lapis lazuli, quartz, obsidian, carnelian, amazonite, turquoise, and faience
The Persian Empire was based in what is present-day
Iran
Who centralized power in the ancient Babylonian civilization and created the oldest known legal code?
Hammurabi
Which ancient Mesopotamian architectural development resulted in the creation of ziggurats?
platform structures, that evolved into stepped pyramids called zigguarats
What famous monument features concentric rings made of sarsen and bluestones?
Stonehenge
The Venus (or Woman) of Willendorf figure is missing
feet
Whose would be MOST likely to challenge a book on Renaissance art that features only Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael Sanzio?
a feminist historian
All of the following materials prove especially enduring EXCEPT for
a. stone
b. marble
c. wood
d. metal
e. fired clay
wood
What have scholars proposed as the most likely purpose of cave paintings?
hunting ceremonies
Which part of Stonehenge marks the point where the sun rises on the midsummer solstice?
heel-stone
What kingdom to the south of Egypt is increasingly garnering attention for its significant contributions to art history?
Nubia
Which major culture arose from 3200 to 2000 BCE in the Aegean islands?
Cycladic culture
The best-known Mycenaean objects are made of
gold
Which culture influenced the frontal posture of Archaic Greek statues?
Egyptian culture
Which type of columns were typically built in Greece in the Early Classical Period?
Doric, which are simple, storng and sturdy
What term describes a naturalistic pose with weight placed on one leg that is apparent in Greek sculptures?
contrapposto
Ancient Etruscan buildings were mostly constructed out of
bricks and wood
What purpose did concrete serve in Roman architecture?
filling space between rocks in walls
Which architectural structure did the Romans use extensively in bridges and aqueducts?
curved arches
When depicting dead nobles in art as part of their funerary rites, the Romans made their figures seem
ideal, to show the greatness of the person who died
The Byzantine empire is best known for its
decorative mosaics, which are huge murals made from small pieces of glass set into the walls of buildings to create a piece, such as those in the churches in Ravenna
What was a main job of monks working in monasteries in the Medieval period?
creating illuminated manuscripts
What medium was MOST important to the Vikings?
wood, carving intricate designs into their wooden ships
Which architectural element allows bigger windows by providing support to the building’s exterior?
flying buttresses
What technique did the Florentine artist Giotto di Bondone use to create simple perspective in his pieces?
overlapping figures, to help create depth in his scenes
Who became new patrons of the arts during the Renaissance era?
wealthy noble families
Which artist BEST demonstrates the transition from Gothic to Renaissance art?
a. Masaccio
b. Titian Vecelli
c. Filippo Brunelleschi
d. Albrecht Dürer
e. Giotto di Bondone
Giotto di Bondone
How did economic changes influence the development of the Renaissance in southern Europe?
The development of paper money allowed certain families to accumulate wealth and sponsor the arts.
Who won the competition to design the doors of the Florence baptistery in 1401?
Lorenzo Ghiberti
Also creates the panel design for the baptistery’s doors that became known as the Gates of Paradise
Which artistic innovation did Filippo Brunelleschi invent?
linear perspective
How did Donatello’s sculptures change throughout his lifetime?
His sculptures became more naturalistic
The Birth of Venus presented an ideal representation of
female beauty
Which of the following statements about Leonardo da Vinci is FALSE?
a. His designs for locks are still used today.
b. He developed aerial perspective.
c. He was an inventor, architect, engineer, and painter.
d. He created drawings of submarines and helicopters.
e. He painted The Last Supper and the Mona Lisa.
He developed aerial perspective
Michelangelo created all of the following artworks for Pope Julius II EXCEPT
a. Moses
b. David
c. The Dying Slave
d. The Bound Slave
e. the Sistine Ceiling
David
Giorgione, Titian Vecelli, and Tintoretto were all well-known artists from
Venice
Which style does Tintoretto’s art BEST exemplify?
Mannerism, with dramatic angles and distorted perspectives
Which of the following artists is MOST closely associated with the Counter-Reformation?
a. El Greco
b. Giorgione
c. Caravaggio
d. Rembrandt
e. Tintoretto
El Greco
How did new innovations set northern Renaissance artists apart from their southern counterparts?
Oil paints allowed artists to create more detailed works.
Matthias Grünewald is best known for his depictions of
religious scenes, such as Christ’s crucifixion
Which of the following types of art did Albrecht Dürer most often create?
a. paintings
b. sculptures
c. woodcuts
d. architecture
e. drawings
woodcuts followed by copperengravings
Hans Holbein served as the court painter for
King Henry VIII
The Baroque era dates from the
late 16th century
Which of the following authors protested socioeconomic inequality during the Baroque era?
a. Baruch Spinoza
b. Hugo Grotius
c. Niccolò Machiavelli
d. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
e. René Descartes
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
How did Baroque art differ from previous Renaissance works?
Baroque art was more dramatic and emotional.
Which Baroque painter is BEST known for his dramatic use of light and dark?
Caravaggio
Artemisia Gentileschi is BEST known for her paintings depicting
biblical women
In which medium did Gianlorenzo Bernini complete his most significant works?
sculpture, such as the Ecstasy of Saint Teresa
Why was Rembrandt’s group portrait The Night Watch controversial?
He focused more on certain members of the group than others.
Which ruler established an annual exhibition known as the Academy?
Louis XIV
What technique did Diego Velázquez use to create his paintings?
building figures from patches of color rather than a rough sketch
What colors did Rococo artists MOST often emphasize in their works?
gold along with pastel colors to create light-hearted and frivolous depictions of court life
Jean-Antoine Watteau developed a new genre of painting called
fête galante, which focused on the leisurely experiences of nobles during their free time
Whose art MOST strongly influenced Jean-Honoré Fragonard’s works?
a. Thomas Gainsborough
b. Jean-Antoine Watteau
c. Jacques Louis David
d. François Boucher
e. Jean Dominique Ingres
Francois Boucher
All of the following traits characterize Neoclassical art EXCEPT
a. rational order
b. unemotional figures
c. careful geometric composition
d. sharp outlines
e. dramatic lighting
dramatic lighting
Romantic art commonly focused on all of the following themes EXCEPT
a. natural wonders
b. historical subject matter
c. violence involving animals
d. exotic settings
e. religious imagery
religious imagery
Realist artists strongly believed that their art should
portray even the negative qualities of their subjects
Gustave Courbet outraged audiences by depicting
ordinary workers repairing a road, which was NOT something they were accustomed to seeing used as a subject matter
Which artistic movement arose from dissatisfaction with the rigid rules established by the Salons?
Impressionism, which provided greater creative freedom to artists
Why was Luncheon on the Grass controversial?
It depicted a nude woman among clothed men.
Which artist’s work inspired the name of the Impressionist movement?
Claude Monet with his painting Impression, Sunrise
Impressionist art is, overall, characterized by?
multiple-point perspective
Which later artistic movement did Paul Cezánne MOST strongly influence?
Cubism
Which of the following characteristics was a unifying feature of the Post-Impressionist movement?
a. the inspiration drawn from classical themes and motifs
b. the search for increasingly brilliant colors
c. the focus on heightened emotions and dramatic composition
d. the emphasis on precise and realistic detail
e. the effort to capture fleeting moments in time
the search for increasingly brilliant colors
Georges Seurat’s art can BEST be described as
vibrant in color, by using small dots of complementary colors, which appeared to blend together into a unified whole from a distance
How did Vincent van Gogh use color to create the mood of Night Café?
He used intense yellows, greens, and reds to create a jarring effect
Paul Gauguin’s search for artistic inspiration led him to travel to
Tahiti, where he found inspiration in both the island’s tropical landscapes and native inhabitants
Which innovation allowed Impressionists to paint outdoors more easily?
chemically based paints
Which of the following artists MOST strongly incorporated Japanese influences into his art?
a. Edgar Degas
b. Pierre-Auguste Renoir
c. Mary Cassatt
d. Paul Cézanne
e. Vincent van Gogh
Edgar Degas
The Pre-Raphaelites’ art typically featured all of the following elements EXCEPT
a. an emphasis on nature
b. influence from pre-Renaissance art
c. complex ornamentation
d. sweeping curves
e. moralistic elements
complex ornamentation
Which of the following subjects did Art Nouveau MOST often depict?
a. religious iconography
b. still life compositions
c. urban landscapes
d. leaves and flowers
e. female figures
leaves and flowers
Art Nouveau movement utilized flowing, sinuous lines
Which statement about fauvism is FALSE?
a. Its leader was Henri Matisse.
b. It drew inspiration from Van Gogh.
c. It was named after “fiery colors.”
d. Its color palette shocked general sensibilities about art.
e. It rejected the need to replicate real-world color.
It was named after “fiery colors.”
Who developed Cubism?
Pablo Picasso in close collaboration with Georges Braque