Social Facilitation Flashcards
Definition of social facilitation
The presence/an audience of others has a positive effect on performance
Give a sporting example of social facilitation
A goalkeeper makes a great penalty save and dives to the correct side when audience is present
Definition of social inhibition
The presence of others/an audience has a negative effect on performance
Sporting example of social inhibition
Goalkeeper makes great penalty saves in practice but when in front of audience dives the wrong way and lets in the penalty
What is the drive theory of social facilitation?
-The presence of others people increases an individual’s arousal which in turn, enhances the dominant response
-When performing a simple, natural, well-learned skill or an expert, the dominant response will be correct, enhancing performance
-When performing a complex task which is poorly learned or learner is a novice, the dominant response will be incorrect, deteriorating performance
Definition of dominant response
Response most likely to occur in a given situation
Explain evaluation apprehension theory
-Fear of being judged or perceived judgment of others
-Arousal levels are further increased as performer feels presence of others is making a judgement about you
-Effects of social facilitation are enhanced by evaluation apprehension
What is homefield advantage?
-When performing in home stadium, familiar setting, it is believed that the home team has some advantage
-Impact is said to be greater in indoor sports due to proximity of crowd
What is distraction/conflict theory?
-Performers attentional capacity explains social facilitation
-Crowds demand attention from the performer, therefore are another factor competing for a performers attentional space
-Easy tasks are performed well in front of crowds as performers have available attentional space, whereas complex skills will being impaired
What is the acronym to remember ways to minimise social inhibition?
PIR, PACT
(Practice with people watching, Imagery, Relaxation, Prepare for negative comments, Awareness of negative effects of crowd, Coach keeping calm, Teach skills first in non-evaluative atomosphere)
What is an example of imagery as a way to combat social inhibition
Performer imagining themselves scoring the winning penalty in front of crowd
What is an example of relaxation as a way to combat social inhibition
Athlete listening to music before race to block out crowd and prohibit social inhibition
What is an example of practice with people watching as a way to combat social inhibition
Gymnast practicing beam routine with her teammates watching
What is an example of teach skills first in non-evaluative atomosphere as a way to combat social inhibition
Beginner learning to serve in tennis without presence of others people increases
What is an example of athletes being prepared for negative comments as a way to combat social inhibition
Coaches speak to athlete before came, tells them that there will be negative comments and tells athlete how to deal with it so they can combat social inhibition
What is an example of coaches/instructors keeping calm as a way to combat social inhibition
Manager remains calm after poor VAR decision so players do not become aggressive
What is an example of awareness of negative effects of crowd as a way to combat social inhibition
Coach telling football team that the crowd is hostile so they are prepare to witness bad behaviour for example booing
What is the acronym to remember the factors effecting social facilitation and inhibition?
DATEE APPS
or
DATE APPS (E)
What does DATEE APPS stand for?
Distractions, Arousal, Task variable/importance of event, Environment, Attention Narrowing, Personality, Proximity, Skill
Explain how arousal effects social facilitation and inhibition
Social facilitation - arousal/drive increased so its heightens your readiness, psychs you up
Social inhibition - over-aroused causes errors in skills/judgement
Explain how skill/ ability variable effects social facilitation and inhibition
Social facilitation - if performer is highly skilled, more likely to be helpful or can lead to mastery orientation
Social inhibition - if performer is a novice, audience more likely to deteriorate performance or show incorrect dominant response, focus on irrelevant information, mental overload
Explain how personality variable effects social facilitation and inhibition
Social facilitation - extroverts likely to perform better with audience, have an insensitive RAS which requires stimulation
Social inhibition - introverts performance likely to deteriorate with audience, RAS does not favour introverts
Explain how task variable/ importance of events effects social facilitation and inhibition
Social facilitation - Performance is enhanced for gross/simple skills or if event is important, doesn’t require more concentration, benefit from increased arousal
Social inhibition - Fine/complex skills hindered or if event is unimportant, decrease performance as audience distracts, skills require lots of concentration
Explain how environment effects social facilitation and inhibition
Social facilitation - if audience in familiar setting performance helped, homefield advantage
Social inhibition - disadvantage if away or unfamiliar, hostile environment
