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Skill Aquisition and Sports Psychology > Classification of skills > Flashcards

Classification of skills Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the definition of classification?

A

the process of grouping similar skills together and giving them a generic label

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2
Q

what is the definition of continuum?

A

An imaginary scale between 2 extremes which shows a gradual increase/decrease in a number of characteristics

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3
Q

what 3 factors are motor skills based on

A

precision of movement
definite begging/end
environment influence

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4
Q

what are the 6 different continuums?

A

Difficulty
Environment influence
Pacing
Muscular Involvement
Continuity
Organisation

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5
Q

what are the 2 extremes of the difficulty continuum?

A

Simple
Complex

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6
Q

How are skills classified on the difficulty continuum? (SIMPLE- COMPLEX)

A

Based upon the types of judgement and decisions that the performer has to make

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of a simple skill?

A

-straightforward
-few subroutines
-hardly any judgement and decisions
-taught as a whole

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8
Q

what are the characteristics of a complex skill?

A

-complicated skills
-requiring a lot of attention/practice
-require a large amount of interlinked subroutines
-involve lots of decisions
-taught in stages

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9
Q

what is a practical example of a simple skill?

A

-sprint start in swimming

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10
Q

what is a practical example of a complex skill?

A

-slip catch in cricket

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11
Q

what are the two extremes on the environmental influence continuum?

A

Open skills
Closed skills

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12
Q

How are skills classified on the environmental influence continuum? (OPEN- CLOSED)

A

the continuum is concerned with the effects of the environment on skills

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13
Q

what are the characteristics of a open skill?

A

-require perceptual monitoring
-occur in a unpredictable environment
-form of action is constantly being varied/adapted according to what is happening around the performer
-requires decision making
-usually externally paced

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14
Q

what are the characteristics of a closed skill?

A

-pre learned and habitual
-no external requirements
-occur in a predictable environment
-follow a set pattern with a definite beginning and end
-usually self-paced

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15
Q

what is a practical example of a open skill?

A

pass in football

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16
Q

what is a practical example of a closed skill?

A

free throw in basketball

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17
Q

what are the two extremes on the pacing continuum?

A

externally paced skills
self-paced skills

18
Q

How are skills classified on the pacing continuum? (EXTERNALLY AND SELF PACED)

A

Refers to the timing of movements

19
Q

What are the characteristics of a externally-paced skill?

A

-speed and precision with which the skill is executed are controlled by the environment/ surroundings of the performer
-involves a reaction
-usually an open skill

20
Q

What are the the characteristics of a self-paced skill?

A

-rate of action is controlled by the preformer
-skill is generally more closed/habitual

21
Q

what is a practical example of a externally-paced skill?

A

-receiving a serve in badminton

22
Q

what is a practical example of a self-paced skill?

A

javelin throw

23
Q

what are the two extremes of the muscular involvement continuum?

A

Gross skills
Fine skills

24
Q

How are skills classified on the muscular involvement continuum? (GROSS, FINE)

A

Concerned with the precision of movement

25
Q

What are the characteristics of a gross skill?

A

-use large muscle movements
-little need for precision
-include many fundamental movement patterns, such as jumping

26
Q

What are the characteristics of a fine skill?

A

-use small muscle groups
-intricate movements
-a need for precision
-high degree of hand eye coordination

27
Q

What is a sporting example of a gross skill?

A

-olympic weight lifting

28
Q

What is a sporting example of a fine skill?

A

-snooker shot

29
Q

What are the extremes of the continuity continuum?

A

Discrete skills
Serial skills
Continuous skills

30
Q

How are skills classified on the continuity continumm?

A

concerned with how clear the beginning and end of a skill is

31
Q

What are the characteristics of a discrete skill?

A

-have a clear beginning and end
-single specific skill
-the performer must seat again to repeat the skill

32
Q

What are the characteristics of a serial skills?

A

-have a number of discrete skills/subroutines
-which are linked together into a performance consisting of several phases

33
Q

What are the characteristics of a continuous skill?

A

-cannot be split up into subroutines or easily distinguishable parts
-no definite beginning and end
-end of one cycle is beginning of next

34
Q

What is a practical example of a discrete skill?

A

penalty in football

35
Q

What is a practical example of a serial skill?

A

Triple jump

36
Q

what is a practical example of continuous skill?

A

cycling
running

37
Q

What are the extremes on the organisational continuum?

A

Low
High

38
Q

How are skills classified on the organisational continumm?

A

How closely linked sub routines of the movement skill are

39
Q

What are the characteristics of a low organisation skill?

A

-Uncomplicated and have little organisational structure
-Subroutines tend to be discrete- they can be split up easily and practised separately

40
Q

what are the characteristics of a high organisation skill?

A

-Have complex organisational structure
-Subroutines are closely linked
-Cannot be practice separately
-Require far more attention and concentration to be performed successfully

41
Q

what is a practical example of an low organisation skill?

A

-gymnastics routine

42
Q

what is a practical example of a high organisation skill?

A

Golf swing

Skill Aquisition and Sports Psychology (16 decks)

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