Anxiety Flashcards
Definition of anxiety
The negative aspect of feeling stress/ The negative emotional state associated with stress/ the perceived inability to cope with the demands of the situation
Definition of trait anxiety
A worry/fear that is innate and enduring (permanent/stable) in an individual. It is generalised and felt in most situations
Definition of state anxiety
worry/fear felt in a particular situation and is often due to fear of losing, injury or embarrassment. When arousal is high in any given moment anxiety is more likely
What is competitive anxiety?
The worry or apprehension experienced during or about competitive events
Definition of somatic anxiety
The physiological response to stress resulting in impaired movement. This will not allow the preformer to enter ‘peak flow’ state
Definition of cognitive anxiety
Psychological response to stress, worry over the situation, doubts, negative thoughts
What are the cognitive anxiety management techniques?
-Postivie thinking
-Negative thought stopping
-Mental rehearsal
-Mindfulness
-Rational thinking
-Imagery
What are the management techniqueS for somatic anxiety?
Centring, Breathing control, Biofeedback, Relaxation, Progressive muscular relaxation
Explain Easterbrooks Cue Utilisation Theory
-as arousal levels increase, attention narrows this may have negative consequences
-if arousal is too low= all cues are attended to those relevant and irrelevant
-if arousal is optimum= relative cues are attended to
-if arousal is too high= all cues are missed, relevant and irrelevant
- attention is more affective if the preformer concentrates on cues that are relevant at particular time
- if cues are not effectively used a person can fail to gather relevant information
Definition of stress
The perceived inability to cope with the demands of the situation
What are the factors related to competitive anxiety and explain them
- Individual differences
- Different types of anxiety - those with high trait anxiety are more likely to experience state anxiety in stressful situations
- General or specific anxiety - high trait anxiety performers are more likely to become anxious in highly stressful situations
- The competition process - this may cause state anxiety (personality, competitive trait anxiety, and the situation all interact)
What are the two types of state anxiety
Cognitive, somatic
What are the symptoms of somatic anxiety?
-Increased HR, BP, BR, sweating, adrenaline
-Decreased flow of blood to the skin
-Nausea
-Increased oxygen uptake
-Dry mouth
What are the symptoms of cognitive anxiety?
-Self doubt
-Negative thoughts
-Worry
-Feeling overwhelmed
-Inability to direct attention
-Narrowing attention
-Feeling out of control
Compare cognitive and somatic anxiety
Somatic anxiety is the physiological response whereas cognitive anxiety is the psychological responses to stress. Symptoms of somatic anxiety are increased heart rate and blood pressure but symptoms of cognitive anxiety is self doubt and negative thoughts
Explain positive thinking as a cognitive anxiety management technique with a sporting example
Positive self-talk, thinking about attain success
eg. footballer telling themselves they will score when taking penalty
Explain negative thought stopping as a cognitive anxiety management technique with a sporting example
Blocking out irrational/negative thoughts
eg. not thinking about the last time they failed to score
Explain mental rehersal as a cognitive anxiety management technique with a sporting example
Going over/ mentally repeating what needs to be done
eg. gymnast visually floor routine in their head
Explain mindfulness as a cognitive anxiety management technique with a sporting example
Taking into account the present, often involves mediation. Concerns awareness and out relationship with others at a particular moment in time. Can lead to ‘peak flow’
eg. a tennis player takes a deep breath before each serve, staying present in the moment and focusing solely on the ball and their body, blocking out the crowd and any past mistakes.”
Explain rational thinking as a cognitive anxiety management technique with a sporting example
Looking at the logical and real aspects of a situation, thinking though what can/cannot be achieved
eg. footballer reminding themselves how well prepared they are and how good they are at taking penalties
Explain imagery as a cognitive anxiety management technique with a sporting example
Visualisation or meditation involves creating mental pictures
eg. reminding themselves of the feeling of taking penalty and what it is like celebrating after scoring
What are the benefits of imagery?
-Increase concentration
-Develop confidence
-Ensure correct response
What are the uses of imagery?
-Create a mental picture
-Picture of escape
-Recall sounds
-Capture physical feeling
-Imagine emotions
How can we ensure imagery is effective?
-Relax in a comfortable setting
-Real life situation
-Short but frequent
-Set goals
-Construct a training programme for imagery
-Evaluate programme
