Smart Hoof Flashcards

1
Q

Describe coupled motion in the distal limb

A

Lateral or medial bend is paired with rotation

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2
Q

How does a restriction affect adjacent parts

A

Adjacent areas will be hypermotile

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3
Q

How does a low hoof angle affect the coffin, pastern and fetlock joints at mid-stance?

A

Less flexion of coffin joint, less extension of fetlock

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4
Q

What are the functional areas of the hoof?

A
  1. Heels for dampening
  2. Frog and sole for support
  3. Toe for propulsion
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5
Q

What are two reasons the heels may be low?

A

Heels grow slower and wear faster there

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6
Q

Where are the proprioceptors concentrated in the foot?

A

Heels and proximal navicular area

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7
Q

The navicular bone is subjected to forces that should cause a fracture. Why prevents it?

A

It is held in a “ligamentous sling” which helps absorb force

Suspensory ligament of navicular bone prevents excess forces when heels land unevenly

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8
Q

Why is P3 filled with so many blood vessels?

A

Viscous friction can dissipate energy and aid in dampening of the high forces at impact

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9
Q

Where can you palpate the collateral ligament of the DIP?

A

LI-1, SI-1

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10
Q

How does coffin joint extension affect the DDF and the DAL?

A

Increases pressure – strain increases when coffin joint extends

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11
Q

Extension of which joint increases pressure the most on the SDF and suspensory ligament?

A

fetlock

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12
Q

How does lowering the hoof angle affect the DAL, DDF, SDF and suspensory?

A

Increased tension in the DDF, DAL, and navicular ligaments, decreased tension on suspensory

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13
Q

How does raising the hoof angle affect the DAL, DDF, SDF and suspensory?

A

Decrease tension on DDFT, and DAL but increases tension in the suspensory and SDFT

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14
Q

Compare the SDF characteristics with the DDF.

A

SDF – fatigue resistant, eccentric action, high force, elastic energy storage, at trot or faster

DDF – fatigueable, low force, works more at gallop

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15
Q

How can a low heel/high heel combination affect the rider?

A

Sternum shifts away from low heel, withers shift towards low heel, saddle shifts towards low heel, rider feels shifted towards the low heel

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16
Q

How do shoes affect hoof mechanics and impact forces?

A

Increases the concussive forces and pressure on the navicular bone

17
Q

How can you get an idea of the palmar angle without radiographs?

A

Point of frog

If recessed into sole – likely negative palmar angle

If frog protruding and base of frog is recessed than it is likely that P3 has a positive palmar angle