EVMM Posture Flashcards

1
Q

What are the consequences of poor posture (3)

A
    1. Muscle tension and strain leading to lameness
  1. Changes weight bearing can cause over-use injury
  2. Awkward positions lead to injury if horse makes a sudden move
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2
Q

What are the benefits of good posture (3)

A
  1. Uses least amount of energy
  2. Balance ready for next movement
    3.
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3
Q

Describe good posture (stance) and two common examples of poor posture (stance)

A

Stand square, head and trunk upright, center of mass is balanced

  1. Standing under
  2. Old broodmare stance
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4
Q

Mechanical locking of the legs is one strategy to maintain static equilibrium, what is the other and which is more energy efficient.

A

Tensing of muscles to stiffen joints, locking is more energy sufficient

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5
Q

Define shunt stability.

A

Ability of muscles to contract before movement – ex. Core muscles contract before taking a step

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6
Q

What is the main goal of the proprioceptive system?

A

Keep horse upright and prevent injury

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7
Q

What are two ways to tell if the horse leans left or right?

A
  1. Well developed or tight extensors on the ipsilateral side
  2. Larger hoof/foot ipsilateral
  3. Visible lean
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8
Q

When does proprioceptive input affect neurologic output?

A

A loss or decrease of sensory inpute leads to unstable balance and inaccurate movement

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9
Q

How can dental hooks make it difficult for the horse to collect?

A
  1. Prematurity of strike
  2. Pain
  3. Restriction of mandibular movement
  4. Alteration of proprioceptive input
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10
Q

Why does closing your eyes make it difficult to balance?

A

Brain aims to keep eyes level with the horizon

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11
Q

What affect do long toes and low heels have on posture?

A

Makes breakover too far forward

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12
Q

Can hoof balance affect our manipulations? How?

A

Poorly balanced hoof changes the proprioceptive information to the brain and cerebellum

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13
Q

What are six systems or structures that are involved in balance?

A
  1. TMJ
  2. Hyoid
  3. Cervical
  4. Vestibular
  5. Vision
  6. Foot balance
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