EVMM Anatomy Head, Neck, Forelimb Flashcards
What muscle opens the mouth?
Digastricus
What muscle closes the mouth? (2)
Temporalis, masseter
What muscle grinds the food?
Pterygoids
What muscles extend the head? (2)
Rectus capitus dorsalis major/minor
What muscles rotate the head? (2)
Obliquus capitus cranialis/caudalis
What structures help lift the head and hold it up against gravity? (2)
Nuchal ligament, sempispinalis capitus
What structures extend the neck? (6)
Multifidus
longissimus group
semispinalis capitus
splenius
What muscles help lift the lower cervical curve? (2)
Scalenes
splenius
What muscles attach to the hyoid? (2)
Sternohyoideus
omohyoideus
What muscles stabilize the C-spine and are made up of many small muscle bundles? (3)
Multifidus
intertransversarii
longus coli
What muscles on the ventral aspect of the cervical vertebrae connect head to neck and neck to thoracic spine? (3)
Longus thoracis
longus capitus
longus colli
What muscles are often used to incorrectly shorten the neck? (2)
Brachiocephalic
omotransversarius
What muscles form the “roof” of the scapula? (2)
Trapezius and rhomboids
Describe the stepwise progression of actions of the lateral shoulder muscles an name them. (5)
- Supraspinatus – extends shoulder
- Extends and flexes shoulder
- Deltoid – flexes shoulder
- Long head triceps – flex shoulder, extend elbow
- Lateral head tricep – extend elbow
Which muscles help rebound the energy for the next stride? (2)
Biceps brachii
brachialis
