Small Intestine And Pancreas Flashcards
What is the major chemical secreted in the SI and what controls it? What pathology is associated with this mechanism?
Cl-; Regulated by cAMP
Vibrio Cholerae stimulates Cl- secretion via ADP ribosylation of Gs resulting in diarrhea
How does Water Permeability in the colon differ then in the SI?
Much lower in the Colon
What are the types of diarrhea?
Osmotic: Excessive solutes in lumen interfering with absorption usually due to anzyme deficiency
Secretory: Caused by toxins or chemical leading to secretion of Fluid usually from bacteria
Inflammatory: Destruction of mucosa
Differentiate SGLT 1 and SGLT 2.
SGLT1: Uptake of dietary glucose from gut
SGLT2: Glucose transport in renal tubule
Compare Transport of Fructose to glucose/Galactose:
Fructose:
- Independent of Na+
- Facilitated Diffusion
- Into enterocytes by GLUT5 and out of enterocytes by GLUT2
Glucose/Galactose
- Na dependent 2nd transport
What is Acarbose?
- Competitive inhibitor of sucrase, Maltase, and amylase this impairing carb digestion/absorption
- Used for glucose control in diabetes
Describe Hartnup disease
- Congenital defect inn mechanism for transport of neutral AAs in intestine and renal tubule
What is a defect in transport of basic amino acids?
Cystinuria
What Vitamin is dependent of Michelle production?
Vitamin D
Differentiate the exocrine components of the pancreas.
Aqueous component: Contains HCO3-; Neutralization of stomach acid; Secreted by duct cells
Enzymatic component: Absorption of molecules; Secreted by Acinar Cells
Activation of Pancratic enzymes
- Trypsinogen cleaved by enteropeptidase in SI
- Trypsin activates Other zymogens
Describe the pathology of cystic fibrosis in the GI tract
- Thick secretion —> Obstuct glands —> Pancreatic insufficiency
- Deficiency in Lipase
- Fatty diarrhea, Oily foul smelling poo, etc
How is acute pancreatitis diagnosed?
- Small amounts of pancreatic enzymes normally leak into circulation
- In acute pancreatitis, circulating levels rise substantially
- Plasma amylase/lipase are used to diagnose