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Dental Pathology > Skin Diseases > Flashcards

Skin Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

heterogenous group of disorder with different prognoses; characterized by blisters, ulcer, or erosions of skin, mucosa, or both; many with immunological etiology

A

vesiculobullous diseases

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2
Q

superficial skin infection (s. pyogenes and s. aureus); most common in children with poor hygeine, crowded living conditions and hot and humid climates

A

impetigo

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3
Q

arises in areas of trauma; multiple vesicles that rupture, leaving a honey-colored crust

A

impetigo

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4
Q

common chronic mucocutaneous disease; probably immune-mediated; may have only skin, only oral, or both; skin lesions- purple, polygonal, pruritic papules

A

lichen planus

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5
Q

reticular or erosive oral lesions; reticular-interlacing white lines, buccal mucosa; erosive-ulcers with erythema and white streaks

A

lichen planus

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6
Q

hyperkeratosis; degeneration of basal cell layer; “saw-toothed” rete ridges

A

lichen planus

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7
Q

“band-like” infiltrate of lymphocytes

A

lichen planus

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8
Q

shaggy band of fibrinogen at basement membrane zone seen with direct immunofluorescence

A

lichen planus

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9
Q

drug of choice for lichen planus

A

betamethasone gel

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10
Q

chronic skin disease characterized by an increase in the proliferative activity of keratinocytes; both genetic and environmental factors

A

psoriasis

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11
Q

2nd decade, waxing and waning course with lesions improving during the summer; scalp, elbows, knees

A

psoriasis

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12
Q

erythematous plaques with silvery scales

A

psoriasis

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13
Q

marked hyperparakeratosis; elongated rete ridges; perivascular inflammation; munro abscesses

A

psoriasis

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14
Q

PUVA (treatment for psoriasis) stands for

A

psoralen and ultraviolet A

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15
Q

hetergeneous group of inherited blistering mucocutaneous disorders; autosomal dominant or recessive; 3 broad categories: Simplex, Junctional, Dystrophic

A

epidermolysis bullosa

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16
Q

which form of epidermolyis bullosa?: vesicles/bullae that become ulcers and erosions that heal with scarring; gingival erythema, recession and reduction in vestibular depth

A

dominant dystrophic

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17
Q

which form of epidermolysis bullosa?: much more serious; secondary infection; mitten deformity; microstomia

A

recessive dystrophic

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18
Q

Intraepithelial clefting

A

epidermolysis bullosa (simplex)

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19
Q

subepithelial clefting (lamina lucida or lamina densa)

A

epidermolysis bullosa (junctional and dystrophic)

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20
Q

increased incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

A

epidermolysis bullosa

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21
Q

acute, self-limiting ulcerative disorder, probably immune-mediate; 50%-unknown, 25%-drugs, 25%-herpes

A

erythema multiforme

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22
Q

EM- skin or mucosa only

A

erythema multiforme minor

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23
Q

EM (Stevens-Johnson syndrome)- at least two mucosal sites plus skin involvement

A

erythema multiforme major

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24
Q

EM- Lyell’s disease

A

toxic epidermal necrolysis

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25
Q

young adults; may experience prodrome; hemorrhagic crusting of lips; widespread oral ulcers with ragged margins; labial, buccal mucosa and tongue; “target” lesions of skin

A

EM

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26
Q

diffuse sloughing of the skin and mucosa; older patients

A

toxic epidermal necrolysis

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27
Q

destruction of keratinocytes; subepithelial edema; mixed inflammatory infiltrate; perivascular inflammation

A

EM

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28
Q

benign lesion associated with HPV types 2,4 and 40; relatively contagious, with potential for autoinoculation

A

verruca vulgaris (common wart)

29
Q

most commonly in children; skin of hands; more commonly sessile; variable color, but typically white

A

verruca vulgaris

30
Q

papillary, hyperkeratotic proliferation of epithelium; rete ridges appear to converge toward the center of the lesion; course keratohyaline granules

A

verruca vulgaris

31
Q

koilocytosis

A

verruca vulgaris

32
Q

controversial lesion of unknown etiology; UV exposure may play a role in its pathogenesis; self-limiting lesion with clinical and histopathologic resemblance to well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma

A

keratoacanthoma

33
Q

predominantly a lesion of skin; sessile, dome shaped lesion with central keratin plug

A

keratoacanthoma

34
Q

commonly involves the vermilion border of the upper of lower lip; rapid enlargement allows for clinical differentiation from squamous cell carcinoma

A

keratoacanthoma

35
Q

proliferation of squamous epithelium that may be difficult to distinguish from squamous cell carcinoma; dyskeratosis, keratin pearl formation

A

keratoacanthoma

36
Q

central keratin-filled; adjacent epithelium appears normal; acute angle is formed between the adjacent epithelium and the lesion

A

keratoacanthoma

37
Q

lesions will usually regress spontaneously in 6-12 months, but leave an unaesthetic depressed scar

A

keratoacanthoma

38
Q

common lesion of the elderly; unknown etiology, but correlated with sun exposure; may be hereditary

A

seborrheic keratosis

39
Q

exclusively a skin lesion; face, trunk, extremities; tan to brown roughened plaques; “stuck on” apperance

A

seborrheic keratosis

40
Q

exophytic, papillary proliferation of basaloid cells; horn cysts and pseudo-horn cysts; 3 main types

A

seborrheic keratosis

41
Q

multiple seborrheic keratoses may be an indicator of internal malignancy

A

Leser-Trelat sign

42
Q

benign proliferation of nevus cells, which are derived from neural crest and are related to melanocytes; acquired or congenital; intraoral lesions are uncommon

A

acquired melanocytic nevus (mole)

43
Q

3 stages of acquired melanocytic nevus

A

junctional; compound; intradermal

44
Q

proliferation of nevus cells that vary in morphology depending upon their depth; superficially arranged in theques

A

acquired melanocytic nevus

45
Q

proliferation of melanocytes within the subepithelial connective tissue; 2nd most common intraoral; tyndall effect

A

blue nevus

46
Q

dendritic melanocytes in the connective tissue; usually arranged parallel to the surface

A

blue nevus

47
Q

common premalignant lesion of skin; secondary to cumulative sun exposure (UV radiation)

A

actinic keratosis (solar keratosis)

48
Q

face, dorsum of hands, scalp; irregular scaly plaques of variable color; rough “sandpaper” feel

A

actinic keratosis

49
Q

hyperkeratosis and acanthosis; some degree of epithelial dysplasia; basophilic degeneration of underlying connective tissue

A

actinic keratosis

50
Q

malignant neoplasm of melanocytes; may arise from preexisting benign melanocytic lesions or from skin subject to a history of acute solar damage; 3rd mors common cancer but #1 cause of death among skin cancers

A

melanoma

51
Q

4 main types: lentigo maligna, superficial spreading(most common), nodular, acral lentiginous(most oral)

A

melanoma

52
Q

A of ABCDs

A

asymmetry

53
Q

B of ABCDs

A

irregular borders

54
Q

C of ABCDs

A

color variegation

55
Q

D of ABCDs

A

diameter greater than 6 mm

56
Q

s of ABCDs

A

symptoms

57
Q

atypical melanocytes along the basal epithelial layer (lateral growth phase); vertical growth begins as these celles invade the connective tissue

A

melanoma

58
Q

melanocytic distribution throughout the epithelium seen in melanoma

A

pagetoid spread

59
Q

extremely common low-grade cutaneous malignancy secondary to chronic sun exposure; tumor cells arise from the basal cell layer of skin and appendages

A

basal cell carcinoma

60
Q

most common location is the middle of the face; associated with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome

A

basal cell carcinoma

61
Q

several forms, with noduloulcerative being the most common

A

basal cell carcinoma

62
Q

basaloid cells in islands, strands and nests that arise from the basal layer of the epithelium and penetrate the underlying connective tissue

A

basal cell carcinoma

63
Q

distinct peripheral palisading and stromal retraction

A

basal cell carcinoma

64
Q

2nd most common of skin cancers; similar risk factors as basal cell carcinoma

A

squamous cell carcinoma

65
Q

autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by a lack of cohesion among the surface epithelial cells; mutation affects the integrity of the desmosomal complex

A

darier’s disease (keratosis follicularis)

66
Q

erythematous, pruritic papules of the skin; pits and keratoses of the palms and soles; nails that feature longitudinal lines, ridges, or splits

A

darier’s disease

67
Q

multiple normal to white flat-topped papules; frequently seen on the palate or alveolar mucosa

A

darier’s disease

68
Q

suprabasilar acantholysis; “test tube” rete ridges; central keratin plug; corps ronds and grains

A

darier’s disease

Dental Pathology (22 decks)

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