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Dental Pathology > Pancreas > Flashcards

Pancreas Flashcards

1
Q

congenital anomaly: incomplete fusion of dorsal and ventral pancreatic buds/ducts; duct of santorini provides main drainage; may predispose to recurrent acute pancreatitis

A

pancreas divisum

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2
Q

congenital anomaly: head of pancreas incircles the duodenum; can cause duodenal obstruction; associated with pancreatitis, duct obstruction, peptic ulcers

A

annular pancreas

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3
Q

acute condition caused by inflammation and enzymatic necrosis of the pancreas resulting in acute onset of abdominal pain

A

actue pancreatitis

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4
Q

metabolic etiologic agents in actue pancreatitis

A

alcohol, hyperlipoporteinemia, hypercalcemia, drugs, genetic

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5
Q

mechanical etiologic agents in acute pancreatitis

A

gallstone, traumatic injury, perioperative injury

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6
Q

vascular etiologic agents in acute pancreatitis

A

shock, atheroembolism, polyarteritis nodosa

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7
Q

infectious etiologic agents in acute pancreatitis

A

mumps, coxsackie virus, m. pneumoniae

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8
Q

Most common causes of acute pancreatitis

A

alcohol, gallstones

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9
Q

edema, fat necrosis, parenchymal necrosis, hemorrhage, extra-pancreatic manifestations

A

acute pancreatitis

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10
Q

repeated episodes of mild to moderate inflammation with continued loss of pancreatic tissue and subsequent fibrosis; most common in alcoholic males

A

chronic pancreatitis

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11
Q

risks factors of which disease: alcohol, biliary disease, hypercalcemia and hyperlipidemia, pancreas divisum

A

chronic pancreatitis

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12
Q

calcifications associated with …

A

chronic pancreatitis

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13
Q

localized collection of pancreatic secretions that develop following inflammation; usually unilocular; lack a true epithelial lining; lined by fibrin and granulation tissue

A

pancreatic pseudocyst

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14
Q

4th leading cause of cancer death in US; high mortality rate

A

pancreatic adenocarcinoma

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15
Q

10% experience migratory thrombophlebitis (Trousseau’s sign); may have elevated serum CA19-9

A

pancreatic adenocarcinoma

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16
Q

pancreatic adenocarcinoma lesions of head (60%) often involve …, producing obstructive symptoms and jaundice

A

ampulla

17
Q

25% of head tumors extend to …

A

duodenal wall

18
Q

most functional (hormones released causes symptoms) neuroendocrine tumors are …

A

benign

19
Q

most nonfunctional (hormones released by tumor do not cause symptoms) neuroendocrine tumors are …

A

malignant

20
Q

associated syndrome of neuroendocrine tumors: hypoglycemia, high insulin levels

A

hyperinsulinism- insulinoma

21
Q

associated syndrome of neuroendocrine tumors: recalcitrant peptic ulcer disease, gastric hypersecretion induced by gastrin, pancreatic islet cell tumor

A

zollinger-ellison syndrome (gastrinoma)

22
Q

associated syndrome of neuroendocrine tumors: alpha cell tumor, increased glucagon

A

glucagonoma

23
Q

associated syndrome of neuroendocrine tumors: delta cell tumor

A

somatostatinoma

24
Q

associated syndrome of neuroendocrine tumors: watery diarrhea

A

VIPoma

25
Q

70% women, associated with von Hippel Lindau syndrome, diabetes

A

serous cystadenoma

26
Q

papillary proliferation of ductal epithelium with excessive mucin production, usually oozing from ampulla of vater, with ductal dilation; treatment resect entire tumor; complex papillary fronds

A

intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm

27
Q

heterogeneous groups of disorders of the endocrine pancreas sharing hyperglycemia as a common feature

A

diabetes mellitus

28
Q

immunologically-mediated destruction of b-cells

A

diabetes mellitus type 1

29
Q

insufficiente insulin secretion relative to glucose load; insulin resistance of peripheral tissues

A

type 2 DM

30
Q

reduction in size and number of islets

A

type 1 DM

31
Q

amyloid replacement of islets

A

type 2 DM

32
Q

polyuria (increased urination), polydipsia (increased thirst), polyphagia (increased hunger)

A

DM

33
Q

microangiopathy, atherosclerosis, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy

A

DM

34
Q

seen exclusively in type 1 DM; severe insulin deficiency; often precipitated by stress

A

diabetic ketoacidosis

35
Q

type 2 DM, dehydration from hyperglycemic diuresis; glucose usually higher than 600 mg/dL

A

nonketotic hyperosmolar coma

36
Q

DM diagnosis: random glucose greater than or equal to … with classical signs and symptoms

A

200 mg/dL

37
Q

DM diagnosis: fasting glucose greater than or equal to … on more than one occasion

A

126 mg/dL

38
Q

an abnormal …, in which the glucose is greater than or = to 200 mg/dL 2 hrs after a standard carb load

A

oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)

39
Q

hemoglobin A1C greater than or = to …

A

6.5%

Dental Pathology (22 decks)

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