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FCP > Skin disease > Flashcards

Skin disease Flashcards

1
Q

What species usually suffer with fleas ?

A

-dog , cat , rabbit

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2
Q

What is dog flea ?

A

ctenocephalides canis

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3
Q

4 cutaneous reaction patterns of cats

A

-head and neck pruritis
-symmetrical alopecia
-eosinophillic granuloma complex
-miliary dermatitis

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4
Q

Common presentation of fleas

A

pruritis

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5
Q

What species commonly present with lice ?

A

farm , horses , guinea pigs , birds

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6
Q

Surface mite common in cattle and where they occur .

A

chorioptes bovis - tailhead and lower legs

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7
Q

Surface mites common in sheep and how present

A

psoroptes ovis - sheep scab
chorioptes bovis - scrotal manage

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8
Q

Surface mites found in horses and how they present .

A

chorioptes equi - leg/tail mange
psoroptes - body and ear mange
neotrombicula ( harvest mite ) - head/legs - late summer/autumn

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9
Q

Surface mites found in dogs and cats and how they present

A

otodectes ( ear mite ) -otitis , exudate
cheyletiella (fur mite ) truncal scale -zoonotic
neotrombicula ( harvest mite ) - head/limbs later summer/autumn

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10
Q

surface mites found on rabbits and how they present

A

cheyletiella ( fur mite ) -truncal scale - zoonotic
leporacus gibbus ( fur mite ) often asymptomatic
psoroptes cuniculi ( ear mite ) flakey crust

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11
Q

Burrowing mites in dogs and how present

A

-sarcoptes scabiei - sarcoptic mange , pruritis , zoonotic
-demodex - folliculitis , furunculosis, common in young and elderly

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12
Q

Burrowing mite in guinea pigs and how present

A

trixicarus - extreme pruritis , zoonotic

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13
Q

Burrowing mite that effects birds how it presents

A

cnemidocoptes - scaley beak , scaley leg

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14
Q

What is sweet itch and how is it caused ?

A

-hypersensitivity in horses to midges saliva , pruritis , lesions on neck,tail base and face

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15
Q

What might be causing skin disease via an ectoparasite if we can’t find any on the animal ?

A

-midges - hypersensitivity , transmit disease
-nuisance flies
- red mite - lives in environment ( only poultry )

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16
Q

Which 3 ways can microbes enter the skin

A

-follicles
-direct through damaged skin
-haematogenous spreads ( rare )

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17
Q

how to label bacterial skin diseases ?

A

-depth
-inflammatory response , pyogenic ( neutrophills - pyoderma ) , granulomatous ( macrophages ) , necrotising ( vascular damage )
-lesion distribution and severity

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18
Q

different types of bacterial skin diseases

A

-surface pyoderma
-superficial pyoderma
-deep pyoderma
-bacterial granulomatous dermatitis
-skin lesions secondary to systemic bacterial or infection with toxin producing bacteria

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19
Q

Give examples of surface pyoderma in dogs and how they present .

A

-intertrigo- skin fold pyoderma , neutrophillic inflammation
-acute moist dermatitis - acute lesion from skin self-trauma
-bacterial overgrowth syndrome - no/minimal inflammation , pruritic

20
Q

Give examples of superficial pyodermas and how they present .

A

-bacterial folliculitis - pustule , papules , epidermal collarettes
-impetigo
-exfoliative superficial pyoderma - scale

*
-all present papules/pustules —-crust , epidermal collarettes/scale , follicular plugs , alopecia
-all primarily neutrophilic

21
Q

Bacterial folliculitis

A

infection within hair follicle

22
Q

impetigo

A

interfollicular infection of epidermis

23
Q

exfoliative superficial pyoderma

A

infection between layers of stratum corneum

24
Q

Give example of deep pyoderma and how they can present

A

-furunculosis - pyogranulomatous inflammation ( neutrophills and macrophages )
-abscess - due to wound or foreign body
-cellulitis

  • all associated with nodules and thickening
25
Q

Furunculosis

A

extension of folliculitis where hair follicle wall ruptures allowing microbes and free keratin in the dermis

26
Q

TRUE /FALSE granulomas don’t come into epidermis

A

true - macrophages are too big

27
Q

Cellulitis

A

neutrophilic inflammation of deep sub cut connective tissue

28
Q

Give example of bacterial granulomatous dermatitis

A

*caused by traumatic implantation of saprophytic organisms

-mycobacterial granulomas/pyogranulomas
-non-filamentous bacterial granulomas - lesions contain small yellow granules
-filamentous bacterial granulomas - nodular masses that may involve bone e.g lumpy jaw in cow , actinomycosis

29
Q

erysipelas

A

systemic bacterial infection in pigs causes vascular damage of the skin and necrosis
-diamond shaped lesions

30
Q

how to diagnose bacterial disease ?

A

-cytology - lesion surface , exudate , FNA find out inflammatory cell type
-culture - biopsy , exudate , pustule
-histopathology - skin biopsy

31
Q

What principles to consider when treating bacterial skin disease ?

A
  • kill organism - avoid antibiotics and use topical antibacterials , NEED systemic antibiotics for deep infections , * IF abscess only need antibiotics if cellulitis or pyrexic
    -enhance bodies defences
    -address underlying cause
32
Q

different types of viral skin disease

A

-vesicular
-papilloma
-pox

33
Q

Why are vesicular diseases so important ?

A

lots are notifiable

34
Q

Give some examples of vesicular skin diseases

A

-foot and mouth
-vesicular stomatitis
-swine vesicular disease
-blue tongue
-rinderpest

35
Q

How do papilloma viruses present ?

A

-papillomas = warts
-plaques
-cattle, horse and dogs

36
Q

How to pox viruses present ?

A

macules, papules , vesicles , pustules , crusts

37
Q

TRUE/FALSE myxomatosis is a type of pox virus

A

true

38
Q

TRUE/FALSE cowpox is rare in cattle but affects cats

A

true

39
Q

Name some other types of viral skin diseases

A

-porcine dermatitis nephropathy syndrome - blotchy skin lesions
-psittacine beak
-border disease

40
Q

Name a protozoal skin disease and how presents

A

leishmaniasis
-many signs seen in uk from dogs imported from endemic areas ( spread by blood-sucking sand flies )

41
Q

Pemphigus foliaceus

A

immune mediated disease where antibodies attack desmosomes ( specifically desmocolin 1 in the dog )

42
Q

Papule

A

small solid elevation of skin smaller than 1cm diameter

43
Q

Pustule

A

small skin elevation filled with pus , smaller than 1 cm

44
Q

Scale

A

rafts of immature keratinocytes which accumulate at the skin surface

45
Q

Crust

A

when exudate dry on skin surface

46
Q
A

FCP (24 decks)

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