Fungal skin disease Flashcards
What 3 ways can fungal infections ?
-tissue mycoses
-mycotoxocosis ( fungal toxin production )
-fungal hypersensitivity
Name some superficial mycoses and how they present .
-dematophytosis - microsporum , alopecia ,papules , pustules
-malassezia - erythema ,scale and hairloss causing lichenification
-candida - more common birds , ulcers with yellow/grey exudate
How does subcutaneous ( deep ) mycoses present
-cutaneous papules , nodules , discharging tracts
-usually traumatic implantation of fungus
-feet/limbs or head
How do systemic mycoses occur ?
hyphae can cause granulomas, pyogranulomas , necrosis in effected organs e.g placenta , fetus
How to diagnose tissue mycoses ?
-hair pluck /scale
-cytology
-fungal culture ,histopathlogy - for sub cut /deep mycoses , sabauraud dextrose agar
TRUE /FALSE fungal hypersensitivities are usually type 1
true
What are the 3 major reactions involved in tissue mycosis ?
-acute suppurative inflammation /micro-abscesses
-chronic pyogranulomatous/granulomatous inflammation
-necrosis
Common presentations of ringworm
patchy , focal/multifocal , alopecia , scale/crust
What organism causes ring worm in calves ?
trichophyton verrucosum
What organism causes ringworm in horses ?
trichophyton equinum
What organism causes ring worm in cats ?
microsporum canis
How treat ringworm in calves ?.
-usually not treated if mild - self-limiting disease
How to treat and control horses with ringworm ?
-isolate and treat - with enilconazole
-environment/fomite cleaning - bleach , virkon
How to treat cats with ringworm ?
-antifungal tablets - itraconazole
How do dermatophytes cause disease ?
-skin barrier compromised
-immunocompromised
What usually cause dermatophytosis (ring worm )?
microsporum , trichophyton
What species commonly get dermatophytosis ?
cow, horse , cat
Whats the most common presentation of dermatophytosis ?
-infectiom of hair/surface keratin —folliculitis ( alopecia ) , scale
How to diagnose dermatophytosis ?
-microscopy of hair pluck or skin scrape for spores
-woods lamp to find affected hairs for culture
-fungal culture - mckenzie toothbrush
-PCR
TRUE/FALSE malassezia is more common in cats than dogs
false - more common in dogs than cats
How does malassezia present in dogs ?
-pruritis
-lots of things - scale , crust , grease , chronic changes like hyperpigmentation and lichenification
-ears and body
How to diagnose malassezia ?
-cytology - acetate strip , impression smear –look for malassezia
-monitor response to antifungal therapy
