Fungal skin disease

Question 1

What 3 ways can fungal infections ?

Answer 1

-tissue mycoses
-mycotoxocosis ( fungal toxin production )
-fungal hypersensitivity

Question 2

Name some superficial mycoses and how they present .

Answer 2

-dematophytosis - microsporum , alopecia ,papules , pustules
-malassezia - erythema ,scale and hairloss causing lichenification
-candida - more common birds , ulcers with yellow/grey exudate

Question 3

How does subcutaneous ( deep ) mycoses present

Answer 3

-cutaneous papules , nodules , discharging tracts
-usually traumatic implantation of fungus
-feet/limbs or head

Question 4

How do systemic mycoses occur ?

Answer 4

hyphae can cause granulomas, pyogranulomas , necrosis in effected organs e.g placenta , fetus

Question 5

How to diagnose tissue mycoses ?

Answer 5

-hair pluck /scale
-cytology
-fungal culture ,histopathlogy - for sub cut /deep mycoses , sabauraud dextrose agar

Question 6

TRUE /FALSE fungal hypersensitivities are usually type 1

Answer 6

true

Question 7

What are the 3 major reactions involved in tissue mycosis ?

Answer 7

-acute suppurative inflammation /micro-abscesses
-chronic pyogranulomatous/granulomatous inflammation
-necrosis

Question 8

Common presentations of ringworm

Answer 8

patchy , focal/multifocal , alopecia , scale/crust

Question 9

What organism causes ring worm in calves ?

Answer 9

trichophyton verrucosum

Question 10

What organism causes ringworm in horses ?

Answer 10

trichophyton equinum

Question 11

What organism causes ring worm in cats ?

Answer 11

microsporum canis

Question 12

How treat ringworm in calves ?.

Answer 12

-usually not treated if mild - self-limiting disease

Question 13

How to treat and control horses with ringworm ?

Answer 13

-isolate and treat - with enilconazole
-environment/fomite cleaning - bleach , virkon

Question 14

How to treat cats with ringworm ?

Answer 14

-antifungal tablets - itraconazole

Question 15

How do dermatophytes cause disease ?

Answer 15

-skin barrier compromised
-immunocompromised

Question 16

What usually cause dermatophytosis (ring worm )?

Answer 16

microsporum , trichophyton

Question 17

What species commonly get dermatophytosis ?

Answer 17

cow, horse , cat

Question 18

Whats the most common presentation of dermatophytosis ?

Answer 18

-infectiom of hair/surface keratin —folliculitis ( alopecia ) , scale

Question 19

How to diagnose dermatophytosis ?

Answer 19

-microscopy of hair pluck or skin scrape for spores
-woods lamp to find affected hairs for culture
-fungal culture - mckenzie toothbrush
-PCR

Question 20

TRUE/FALSE malassezia is more common in cats than dogs

Answer 20

false - more common in dogs than cats

Question 21

How does malassezia present in dogs ?

Answer 21

-pruritis
-lots of things - scale , crust , grease , chronic changes like hyperpigmentation and lichenification
-ears and body

Question 22

How to diagnose malassezia ?

Answer 22

-cytology - acetate strip , impression smear –look for malassezia
-monitor response to antifungal therapy