Skin Cancer Overview and Epidemiology

Question 1

What is the % 5 yr survival if a melanoma’s thickness is less than 1mm

Answer 1

95-11%

Question 2

what is the % 5yr survival if a melanoma is >4mm

Answer 2

50%

Question 3

what is the % 5yr survival if a melanoma has metastasised?

Answer 3

5%

Question 4

ABCDE rule of melanomas?

Answer 4

Asymmetry
Border
Colour
Diameter
Evolution

Question 5

BCC appearance

Answer 5

slow growing
pearly/translucent
visible blood vessels
central ulceration
not painful

Question 6

what does morphoeic mean?

Answer 6

superficial

Question 7

most common age for BCCs?

Answer 7

40’s

Question 8

SCC appearance

Answer 8

warty/crusty lump or ulcer
on sun damaged skin
painful

Question 9

can you get pigmented BCCs?

Answer 9

yes

Question 10

precursor symptoms for SCC?

Answer 10

actinic keratoses and Bowen’s disease

Question 11

Another word for squamous cell carcinoma in situ on skin?

Answer 11

Bowen’s disease

Question 12

high risk sites for SCC?

Answer 12

ear, lip, scalp

Question 13

what are actinic keratoses

Answer 13

precancerous skin lesions

Question 14

what does Bowen’s disease look like?

Answer 14

erythematous plaque typically on the legs of older women

Question 15

risk factors for skin cancer

Answer 15

sun exposure
genetic predisposition
immunosuppression
environmental carcinogens

Question 16

name some environmental carcinogens?

Answer 16

ionising radiation, arsenic, coal tar, trauma, chronic ulceration

Question 17

what is xeroderma pigmentosum?

Answer 17

Defect in nucleotide excision repair genes causing photosensitivity and skin cancers on UV sites

Question 18

major features of Gorlin’s syndrome?

Answer 18

many early onset BCCs
palmar pits
jaw cysts