Microbiology: Viral Skin Infections Flashcards
2 conditions caused by the varicella zoster virus?
chicken pox
shingles
another name for chicken pox
varicella
another name for shingles
herpes zoster
where does the latent varicella zoster virus exist?
dorsal root ganglia in the spine
what happens if the varicella zoster virus reactivates?
you get shingles
why does shingles present over the arm
when the varicella zoster virus reactivates it follows a dorsal root ganglion down a dermatome
where is chicken pox most dense?
torso
what does chicken pox look like on the skin over its duration?
macules to papules to vesicles to scabs to recovery
complications of chicken pox?
bacterial infection pneumonia haemorrhagic scarring encephalitis
what would make a neonate more likely to get chicken pox?
if the mother has chicken pox in late pregnancy
what is shingles pain like?
tingly, neuropathic pain
what is post herpetic neuralgia?
severe pain associated with the trigeminal nerve after a shingles infection
what nerve would be the cause of opthalmic zoster?
trigeminal
most common dermatome areas for shingles in adults?
thoracic and lumbar
most common dermotome areas for shingles in children?
cervical, sacral
what is ramsay-hunt syndrome
reactivation of VZV in 7th nerve ganglion causing irritation of the 8th cranial nerve
what would irritation of the 8th cranial nerve cause?
tinnitus
deafness
vertigo
what is primary gingivostomatitis?
extensive ulceration over a week or two in young children
which type of HSV causes oral lesions?
type 1
which type of HSV causes genital lesions?
both
treatment for VZV and HSV?
aciclovir
investigations for VZV and HSV?
swab then PCR
common conditions that trigger erythema multiforme
HSV
mycoplasma pneumoniae infection
what does molluscum contagiosum look like?
pearly, fleshy nodules with a dot in the middle
how to treat molluscum contagiosum
leave unless problematic
cryotherapy
virus responsible for warts?
HPV
what is herpangina
blistering, ulcerated disease at the back of the mouth causing a rash
most common enterovirus conditions
herpangina
hand foot and mouth disease
what is erythema infectiosum
erythema around the cheek region that is slightly raised; can get arthritis if adult
what causes erythema infectiosum
parvovirus B19
complications of parvovirus B19?
miscarriage from foetal anaemia, decreased haemoglobin, chronic anaemia
most likely group infected by orf?
sheep farmers
most common presentation of orf?
red nodule on hand
how does the primary infection of syphilis present?
painless ulcers at site of entry
how does the second infection of syphilis present in skin?
red rash over body
prominent on soles of feet and palms of hands
snail track ulcers in mucosae
