Microbiology: Viral Skin Infections

Question 1

2 conditions caused by the varicella zoster virus?

Answer 1

chicken pox

shingles

Question 2

another name for chicken pox

Answer 2

varicella

Question 3

another name for shingles

Answer 3

herpes zoster

Question 4

where does the latent varicella zoster virus exist?

Answer 4

dorsal root ganglia in the spine

Question 5

what happens if the varicella zoster virus reactivates?

Answer 5

you get shingles

Question 6

why does shingles present over the arm

Answer 6

when the varicella zoster virus reactivates it follows a dorsal root ganglion down a dermatome

Question 7

where is chicken pox most dense?

Answer 7

torso

Question 8

what does chicken pox look like on the skin over its duration?

Answer 8

macules to papules to vesicles to scabs to recovery

Question 9

complications of chicken pox?

Answer 9

bacterial infection
pneumonia
haemorrhagic
scarring
encephalitis

Question 10

what would make a neonate more likely to get chicken pox?

Answer 10

if the mother has chicken pox in late pregnancy

Question 11

what is shingles pain like?

Answer 11

tingly, neuropathic pain

Question 12

what is post herpetic neuralgia?

Answer 12

severe pain associated with the trigeminal nerve after a shingles infection

Question 13

what nerve would be the cause of opthalmic zoster?

Answer 13

trigeminal

Question 14

most common dermatome areas for shingles in adults?

Answer 14

thoracic and lumbar

Question 15

most common dermotome areas for shingles in children?

Answer 15

cervical, sacral

Question 16

what is ramsay-hunt syndrome

Answer 16

reactivation of VZV in 7th nerve ganglion causing irritation of the 8th cranial nerve

Question 17

what would irritation of the 8th cranial nerve cause?

Answer 17

tinnitus
deafness
vertigo

Question 18

what is primary gingivostomatitis?

Answer 18

extensive ulceration over a week or two in young children

Question 19

which type of HSV causes oral lesions?

Answer 19

type 1

Question 20

which type of HSV causes genital lesions?

Answer 20

both

Question 21

treatment for VZV and HSV?

Answer 21

aciclovir

Question 22

investigations for VZV and HSV?

Answer 22

swab then PCR

Question 23

common conditions that trigger erythema multiforme

Answer 23

HSV

mycoplasma pneumoniae infection

Question 24

what does molluscum contagiosum look like?

Answer 24

pearly, fleshy nodules with a dot in the middle

Question 25

how to treat molluscum contagiosum

Answer 25

leave unless problematic

cryotherapy

Question 26

virus responsible for warts?

Answer 26

HPV

Question 27

what is herpangina

Answer 27

blistering, ulcerated disease at the back of the mouth causing a rash

Question 28

most common enterovirus conditions

Answer 28

herpangina

hand foot and mouth disease

Question 29

what is erythema infectiosum

Answer 29

erythema around the cheek region that is slightly raised; can get arthritis if adult

Question 30

what causes erythema infectiosum

Answer 30

parvovirus B19

Question 31

complications of parvovirus B19?

Answer 31

miscarriage from foetal anaemia, decreased haemoglobin, chronic anaemia

Question 32

most likely group infected by orf?

Answer 32

sheep farmers

Question 33

most common presentation of orf?

Answer 33

red nodule on hand

Question 34

how does the primary infection of syphilis present?

Answer 34

painless ulcers at site of entry

Question 35

how does the second infection of syphilis present in skin?

Answer 35

red rash over body
prominent on soles of feet and palms of hands
snail track ulcers in mucosae