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2 Dermatology > Leg Ulcers > Flashcards

Leg Ulcers Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

what is a leg ulcer?

A

open lesion between knee and ankle that remains unhealed for at least 4 weeks

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2
Q

how long does a lesion have to be open and unhealed before it is classed as an ulcer

A

4 weeks

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3
Q

most common type of leg ulcer?

A

venous

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4
Q

causes of ulcers other than venous/arterial

A 
rheumatoid arthritis
diabetes
vasculitic
malignancy
inflammation
hydrostatic
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5
Q

who is at risk of a hydrostatic ulcer

A

heart failure
COPD
orthopnoea

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6
Q

what is lipodermatosclerosis?

A

hardening, scaling and redness and pain of the lower leg;= can precede to ulcers

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7
Q

which type of disease causes a hyperkeratotic limb around the ulcer?

A

venous

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8
Q

how to tell the different between venous dermatitis and venous ulcer?

A

itch?- VD

bilateral?- VD

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9
Q

common sites for an arterial ulcer to present?

A

shin
foot
toe

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10
Q

how does an arterial ulcer differ in appearance from venous

A

cold
can’t palpate pulses
doesn’t look as red

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11
Q

what does necrobiosis lipoidica look like?

A

venous ulcer-like
telangectasia
plaques around it

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12
Q

who gets necrobiosis lipoidica

A

diabetic patients

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13
Q

what does pyoderma gangrenosum look like?

A

blackish border

dark red colour

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14
Q

who gets pyoderma gangrenosum

A

crohn’s patients

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15
Q

causes of blood stasis?

A 
varicose veins
\++ fat
vasoconstrictors
PVD (poor arterial supply)
cold weather
\++ fibrin
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16
Q

appearance of vasculitis?

A

purpuric rash/pustules

necrosis

17
Q

why do we do ABPI?

A

establishes if there is arterial disease

18
Q

why would you do a patch test for ulcers?

A

test bandage/dressing allergies

19
Q

normal ABPI value?

A

1

20
Q

what ABPI values would you use compression for?

A

0.8-1.3

21
Q

what ABPI values would indicate vascular disease?

A

<0.8

22
Q

what ABPI values would indicate calcification?

A

> 1.5

23
Q

how would you treat a venous ulcer?

A 
analgesia
dressing
de-sloughing eg honey/hydrogel
4 layer compression
elevation
24
Q

using 4 layer compression, how long would the ulcer take to heal?

A

12 weeks

25
Q

4 ways of getting rid of necrotic tissue?

A

surgery
larvae therapy
scissors/scalpel
dressings (autolytic)

2 Dermatology (27 decks)

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