Skeletal system Flashcards
long bones
cortical bone (compact) and cancellous (spongy)
long bone components
- epiphysis
- diaphysis
- meduallary cavity
- metaphysis
- epiphyseal plate
epiphysis
end of bone; contains red bone marrow for hematopoeisis
diaphysis
long hollow shaft in center
medullary cavity
within diaphysis contains red and yellow bone marrow
* fat storage
metaphysis
between medullary cavity and epiphyseal plates
epiphyseal plate
“growth plate” made of hyaline cartilage and works to lengthen diaphysis through growth and ossfication
short bones
support
flat bones
protection
seasmoid bones
within tendons to help pull muscles
irregular bones
irregular shaped
cortical bone
dense outer layer that supports weight
osteons
tiny mutlinucleated cylinders aka haversion canals
haversian canals
tubes that contain blood vessels for nutrient supply
lamellae
layers of osteon
lacunae
spaces between lamellae that hold bone
canaliculi
channels that connect lacunae and Haversian canal
Volkmann’s cannals
connect Haversian canals to periosteum
osteoprogenitors
precursor cells to osteoblasts
osteoblasts
build bone by secreting proteins and Ca2+
osteoclasts
eat and resorb bone and release phosphate and Ca2+
* dervived from monocytes
PTH
increases Ca++ by stimulating osteoclasts
Vitamin D
increase Ca++ by raising intestinal Ca++ reabsorption
calcitonin
decreases Ca++ by depressing osteoclasts
