Digestive System Flashcards
1
Q
mouth
A
- mechanical (chewing) + chemcial (salivary amylase) digestion begins
- saliva lubricates food into bolus for esophagus –> increase salivary amylase
2
Q
salivary amylase (SA)
A
digests startch into maltose
3
Q
pharynx
A
- food enters and separates from respiratory system
- epiglottis: prevents choking by blocking the trachea
4
Q
esophagus
A
- peristalsis: wave-like contraction of muscles pushes food down towards stomach
- upper 1/3: voluntary and skeletal muscle
- middle 1/3: smooth muscle
- lower 1/3: mixed
5
Q
stomach
A
- enters via cardiac sphincter
- converts and mixes food into chyme (mechanical churning and chemical enzyme digestion)
- lined with gastric pits leading to gastric glands
6
Q
G cells
A
stimulated by food distinction and secretes gastrin
7
Q
what stimulates parietal cells to secrete HCl?
A
gastrin
8
Q
parietal cells
A
secrete HCl
9
Q
chief cells
A
secrete gastric lipase and pepsinogen –> low pH converts to pepsin
10
Q
G cells stimulate…
A
chief cells
11
Q
mucous cells
A
secretes mucus for lubrication, protection against stomach acid
12
Q
small intestine
A
90% of digestion and nutrient absorption
13
Q
parts of small intestine
A
DJ Eye
* dudodenum, jejunum, ileum
14
Q
where does acidic chyme enter
A
via the pyloric sphincter
15
Q
goblet cells
A
secret mucus and protect from acidic environment