Simons and Chabris Flashcards
What does research into visual attention reveal about detecting large changes to objects and scenes?
We often do not detect large changes to objects and scenes.
What happens to our perception of objects when we do not pay attention?
We may not even perceive objects at all.
What is the main question regarding the details of our visual world?
To what degree are the details of our visual world perceived and represented?
What is the secondary question regarding the details of our visual world?
What role does attention play on our visual perception
What is the method of this study?
A laboratory experiment having an independant design
What type of sample was used in the study?
Volunteer sample
How many observers participated in the study?
228 observers
What was the demographic of most participants?
Mostly undergraduate students
What were the three ways participants could be compensated?
Volunteered without reward, received sweets, or paid a single fee
How many video tapes were created for the procedure?
4 video tapes
What was the duration of each video tape?
75 seconds long
How many basketball players were on each team in the videos?
3 basketball players
What colors were the shirts worn by the two teams in the videos?
White shirts and black shirts
What type of basketball was used in the videos?
A standard orange basketball
What were the two unexpected events in the videos?
The umbrella-woman condition and the gorilla condition
What did the umbrella-woman condition involve?
A tall woman holding an open umbrella walked from left to right
What did the gorilla condition involve?
A person wearing a gorilla costume walked through the action
How long did each unexpected event last?
5 seconds
What were the two styles of video used in the procedure?
The TRANSPARENT condition and the OPAQUE condition
In the TRANSPARENT condition, how were the video streams combined?
They were rendered partially transparent and superimposed using digital video-editing software
In the OPAQUE condition, how were the actors filmed?
All seven actors were filmed simultaneously
What was the procedure for testing observers?
All observers were tested individually and gave informed consent in advance.
What instructions were given to observers before viewing?
Observers were told to pay attention to either the team in white (white condition) or the team in black (black condition).
What was the task for observers in the easy condition?
Observers were instructed to keep a silent mental count of the total number of passes made by the attended team.
