ENV Topic 1 - Stressors in the environment (biological) Flashcards
Stressors in the environment (biological)
What is one definition of stress?
The response we get when the demands of our environment are greater than the capacity we have to deal with them.
What is the difference between a stressor and a stress response?
A stressor causes stress
What are some environmental stressors?
Noise
What did Glass & Singer (1972) investigate?
The effects of noise on stress and task performance.
What features of noise did Glass & Singer manipulate?
Volume
What were the results of Glass & Singer’s study?
Unpredictability and perceived control had a greater effect than volume on task performance.
What did Kenrick & MacFarlane (1986) investigate?
The relationship between temperature and stress in drivers.
How did Kenrick & MacFarlane measure stress?
Number and duration of horn honks.
What were the results of Kenrick & MacFarlane’s study?
Higher temperatures were positively correlated with increased likelihood and duration of honking.
What did Lundberg (1976) investigate?
The effects of overcrowding on a train.
What were the results of Lundberg’s study?
Adrenaline levels were higher in more crowded conditions.
What is RET?
Rational emotive therapy.
What does RET aim to do?
Help clients manage self-defeating beliefs and develop rational thoughts.
What is the ABC model in RET?
Activating event
What are D and E in RET?
Disputing irrational beliefs
What was the aim of Black & Black (2007) study?
To investigate the effects of aircraft noise exposure on residents’ stress and hypertension.
What were the two core questions in Black & Black’s study?
Is health-related quality of life worse in a community chronically exposed to aircraft noise? Is long-term aircraft noise exposure associated with elevated blood pressure?
How was data collected in Black & Black’s study?
Questionnaires.
What were the two areas compared in Black & Black’s study?
Area close to airport with aircraft noise
What were the results of Black & Black’s study regarding noise annoyance?
Participants in the noise-affected area had significantly higher noise annoyance scores.
What were the results of Black & Black’s study regarding health?
Mean health score was lower for those in the aircraft noise exposure group.
What were the results of Black & Black’s study regarding blood pressure?
Long-term aircraft noise exposure was significantly associated with chronic stress and high BP.
