CRIM - Topic 3 Flashcards
What are some ways police collect evidence after a crime?
Interviews with suspects
What is the difference between interviewing suspects and witnesses?
Suspects are interviewed in an accusatory way to retrieve a confession. Witnesses are interviewed in an open way to recall information.
What is the Reid technique?
A 9-step interrogation technique designed to get a confession from suspects.
What are the 9 steps of the Reid technique?
Positive confrontation
What is a criticism of the Reid technique?
It can lead to false confessions.
Why might someone confess to a crime they didn’t commit?
Young age
How can police prevent false confessions?
Recording interviews
What is the PEACE model of interviewing?
Preparation & planning
What is the aim of interviewing witnesses?
To get them to remember as much information as possible
What psychological principles is the cognitive interview based on?
Context dependent memory and multiple retrieval cues.
What are the 4 retrieval cues of the cognitive interview?
Report everything
What is the enhanced cognitive interview?
A revised version of the cognitive interview with added elements like rapport building and interview-compatible questioning.
What is a criticism of the cognitive interview?
It is time consuming.
What did Memon & Higham (1999) review?
The effectiveness of various components of CI
What are some criticisms of each interviewing technique?
Reid: false confessions. CI: time consuming. ECI: time consuming
Why is research into evidence collection useful?
It can lead to better police interviewing and understanding of human behavior.
Why is research into evidence collection less useful?
Techniques can be unethical.
Why is research into evidence collection ethical?
Participant consent.
Why is research into evidence collection unethical?
Coercive techniques.
