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ANS 1 > Sheep Lab > Flashcards

Sheep Lab Flashcards

1
Q

Commercial Sheep Operations

A
  • crossbred ewes, purebred rams
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2
Q

Blackface Breeds

A
  • meat
  • black wool cannot be died
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3
Q

Whiteface Breeds

A
  • superior wool and livability
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4
Q

Rambouillet

A
  • fine wool
  • most important breed in commercial sheep production in the US
  • type of Merino
  • dual purpose
  • low prolificacy
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5
Q

Suffolk

A
  • medium wool
  • black face
  • used as sire of offspring for fat lamb production
  • more for meat production (Down Breed)
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6
Q

Hampshire

A
  • medium wool
  • wool over forehead
  • rapid growth
  • efficient feed conversion
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7
Q

Dorset

A
  • medium wool
  • white face
  • dam or sire for fat lambs
  • good milk production, long breeding season
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8
Q

Polypay

A
  • medium wool
  • dual purpose
  • from 4 sheep breeds to be more versatile and profitable
  • prolific, can breed out of season, good carcass
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9
Q

Columbia

A
  • medium wool
  • dual purpose
  • combines wool-producing of Rambouillet with range-producing qualities of Lincoln
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10
Q

Corriedale

A
  • medium wool
  • white face
  • dual purpose, hardy, early maturity
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11
Q

Cheviot

A
  • medium wool
  • good mothering ability and carcass
  • adaptable
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12
Q

Finnish Landrace

A
  • medium/long wool
  • often used for crossing
  • high prolificacy, early puberty, high fertility
  • lack of hardiness
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13
Q

Lincoln

A
  • long wool
  • fast growth
  • large, lean, well-muscled carcass
  • popular with specialty woolgrowers in US
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14
Q

Romney

A
  • long wool
  • dual purpose
  • white fleece or natural colored
  • high yield and easily spun
  • lean, high quality carcass
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15
Q

Dorper

A
  • hair sheep breed
  • mixture of hair and wool
  • wool is of no commercial value
  • mutton breed
  • good mothers
  • no shearing required
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16
Q

Lacaune

A
  • dairy sheep
  • most widely used dairy sheep breed in France
  • produces milk for making true Roquefort cheese in France
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17
Q

Puberty

A
  • ewes: 6-8 mo
  • rams: 5-8 mo
  • weight: 36.3-54.4 kg
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18
Q

Estrous Cycle

A
  • 15-19 days (avg 17)
  • seasonally polyestrous
  • fall breeders (have a few cycles in fall)
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19
Q

Estrus Period

A
  • 30 hours average
  • ovulation is at the end of the estrus period
20
Q

Signs of Heat

A
  • standing to be mounted (lordosis)
  • very few external signs of heat
21
Q

Gestation

A
  • 145-150 days (5 mo)
  • often 2 lambs
22
Q

Weaning

A
  • after 5 mo
23
Q

Wether

A
  • male castrated before sexual maturity
24
Q

Stag

A
  • male castrated after reaching sexual maturity
25
Q

Jug

A
  • pen to hold lambing ewe and newborn lamb together
26
Q

Tagging

A
  • trimming/cutting wool of ewe around dock, flank, and udder just prior to birth aids in nursing and keeping the areas clean
27
Q

Shearing

A
  • once a year
  • fleeces weigh 3.2-7.5 kg
  • micron system to measure fiber diameter
28
Q

Lambs

A
  • in the feedlot, typically fed a high grain diet
  • some grain is added to ewe’s diet just before breeding and parturition
29
Q

Feeding

A
  • 3% of BW in DM per day
  • 1.5-2x maintenance req for nursing ewes at peak lactation
  • 0.5-2.1 gal water for grazing sheep (sheep not on pasture req more)
30
Q

Large, Extensive Systems

A
  • western states, TX
  • low stocking density (# animals/area land)
  • handled less frequently
31
Q

Small, Intensive Systems

A
  • irrigated pasture
  • feeder lambs given grain
  • Midwest, W Coast, E, S
  • breeding stock
  • use AI
  • higher stocking density
  • more frequent animal handling
32
Q

Footrot

A
  • Fusobacterium necrophorum (from manure) and Bacteroides nodosus (from sheep’s hooves)
  • moist soil conditions are cause and spread
  • treatment: trim hooves, soak in zinc sulfate, keep sheep isolated
33
Q

Sore Mouth

A
  • zoonotic
  • symptoms in sheep: thick scabs on lips, nostrils, face, and teats
  • symptoms in humans: painful sores
  • causes reduced gain and feed efficiency
  • most detrimental to nursing animals who don’t feed once infected
  • virus can survive for long time in scabs and can pass from animals to environment
  • especially contracted from feeders
  • no treatment, but can vaccinate
34
Q

Emasculatome

A
  • used to castrate or dock tails
  • crushes, doesn’t cut
  • shaped like O
35
Q

Crook

A
  • to catch sheep by neck or leg
36
Q

Drencher

A
  • to administer most oral dewormers and solutions to control parasites and other intestinal problems
37
Q

Ear Taggers

A
  • to place tags of various types in ears to ID animals
38
Q

Elastrator

A
  • bloodless tail docking or castration by placing strong rubber ring over tail or scrotum
  • tail and testes eventually slough off
39
Q

Electric Tail Docker

A
  • used to dock tails
  • cuts and sears tail at same time
40
Q

Electric Shears

A
  • to shear fleece
41
Q

Emasculator

A
  • for tail docking and castrating
  • crushes and cuts
  • more common as castration device in cattle and horses
42
Q

Hand Shears

A
  • to trim fleece by hand
  • good for show lambs
43
Q

Hoof Trimmer

A
  • to trim hooves
44
Q

Marking Harness

A
  • strapped on ram’s chest to leave mark on ewes after servicing to know which ewes are bred or as heat-detection device
45
Q

Paint Brands

A
  • to pain ID number on fleece
  • easy to see at a distance and washes off wool easily
46
Q

Ram Skirt

A
  • used on ram so he cannot penetrate ewe when mounted
  • heat detection device

ANS 1 (16 decks)

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