Goat Lab Flashcards
1
Q
US Production
A
- both meat and dairy goats
- CA leading for most dairy goats
- TX leading for meat and mohair goats
- dairy breeds can be used for meat production
- goats are seasonally polyestrous
2
Q
Alpine
A
- erect ears
- any color, but usually white, brown, black, gray coat color mixtures
- 1184 kg milk
- 3.3% fat, 2.9% protein
3
Q
Nubian
A
- long, droopy ears, Roman nose, black and tan mixed coat color
- 900 kg milk
- 4.7% fat, 3.8% protein
4
Q
Saanen
A
- erect ears
- usually white
- 1238 kg milk
- 3.3% fat, 2.9% protein
5
Q
Toggenburg
A
- erect ears, body smaller in size than other breeds
- shade of brown w/ white stripes down face, may have beard
- 718 kg milk
- 3.1% fat, 2.8% protein
6
Q
LaMancha
A
- short or no ear flaps
- any color or combo of colors
- 1018 kg milk
- 3.7% fat, 3.1% protein
7
Q
Oberhasli
A
- erect ears
- “Chamois” in color, light sandy color to deep reddish brown black stripes on face and from base of each ear connecting to dorsal stripe
- 972 kg milk
- 3.6% fat, 3.0% protein
8
Q
Boer
A
- lop ears
- white with red/brown head
- primarily a meat goat
9
Q
Angora
A
- raised for mohair (can also be used for meat)
- mohair is a fabric produced from Angora hair
10
Q
Lactation Period
A
- goat lactation periods can range from 230d to 20 mo
- lactation curve similar to that of dairy cow’s 305 day lactation period
11
Q
Buck
A
- mature male intact goat
12
Q
Doe
A
- mature female goat
13
Q
Kid
A
- young goat
- female: doeling, doe kid
- male: buckling, buck kid
14
Q
Wether
A
- castrated male goat
15
Q
BAR
A
- bright, alert, responsive
- temp: 38.4-40.0 degrees C (101.1-104.0 degrees F)
- pulse: 70-120 bpm
- rumen contractions: 1-2 per minute
16
Q
Hoof Trimming
A
- every 3-4 mo
- contributes to structural soundness, mobility, nutritional intake
- if not trimmed, bone structure and function will degrade
17
Q
High Risk Environments
A
- heavy particulate levels
- wet and muddy surfaces
- heavy manure loads
- ammonia levels
18
Q
Housing
A
- similar to dairy cattle
- loose housing, tie stalls, depending on operation size
- bucks separate from does
- woven wire fences are best for goats and need to be 4.5-5 ft high
19
Q
Goat Anatomy
A
- see lab manual pg. 57
20
Q
Puberty
A
- 120 days - 1 yr
21
Q
Estrous Cycle
A
- 21 days (19-23 days)
22
Q
Seasonally Polyestrous
A
- late summer to early fall
- late fall to early winter
- starting 60 days after the longest day of the year
23
Q
Signs of Heat
A
- standing to be mounted, swollen, red vulva and mucus discharge, bleating, shaking of tail
24
Q
Gestation
A
- 150 days (144-155; longer in larger breeds)
25
Breeding
- traditionally and still done by hand-mating
- bringing doe to buck for single service only
- AI is also utilized
26
Applied Nutrition
- goat GI tract is similar to sheep
- goats eat more browse (shrubs, bushes) than cattle
- lactating doe needs more nutrients (fed high-quality roughage and concentrate feed)
- dry doe fed good-quality roughage (or poor-quality + concentrates)
27
Pneumonia
- very common and serious
- viral and bacterial agents infect the lungs due to stressors (weaning, transport, poor air quality)
- fever, coughing
28
Coccidiosis
- caused by species-specific protozoa called coccidia that are present in every animal and the environment
- treatment: coccidiostats (monensin and decoquninate) which are additives in feed (not antibiotics)
- common symptoms: diarrhea, poor growth, rough coat, loss of appetite
29
Clostridial Disease (Types C, D, T)
- C: bloody scours --> diarrhea
- D: pulpy kidney or overeating disease --> uncoordinated movements
- T: tetanus --> rigidness
- all three are deadly
- can vaccinate; immunity can be passed from doe to her kid for up to 8 weeks after kidding
