sex hormones

Question 1

Hormone

endocrine systme

Answer 1

chemical secreted by endocrine
gland-through the blood

Major hormone
producing glands:
pituitary, gonads(ovaries,tests),
thyroid, parathyroid,
adrenals, pancreas

Question 2

Hypothalamus:

brain

Answer 2

produces :onadotropin releasing hormone (Gn-RH)

• The four Fs:
  -fight
  -flight
  -fleeing
  -sexual behaviour

Question 3

Pituitary:

brain

Answer 3

produces:follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) + luteinizing hormone (LH)
* Anterior lobe: is the one that interacts with the gonads

Question 4

Gonads:

ovaries and test

Answer 4

produce :steroids (estrogen, progesterone, testosterone)

Question 5

Adrenal glands:

Answer 5

produces: smaller quantities of estrogen and testoterone

Question 6

Pituitary Gland

Answer 6

FSH
* People with ovaries: maturation of ovarian follicles

• People with testes: growth of sperm cells

LH
* People with ovaries: ovulation, development of corpus luteum

• People with testes: production of testosterone

Question 7

testes

Answer 7

produces : Androgens

Question 8

Androgen:

testosterone

Answer 8

• Development and maintenance of masculine physical characteristics
• Maintaining genitals and ability to produce sperm
• Growth of bone and muscle

Question 9

Sex Hormone Systems in man

regulation of testosterone

Answer 9

(brain)Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis
Hypothalamus – GnRH > Pituitary gland – FSH & LH >testes – testosterone & inhibin(regulates the system)

**negative feedback loop: **when the testorene is lower indicate to start incresing the testoreno so it becomes balance

Question 10

HPG axis: Hypothalamus pituitary gonad axis,

Answer 10

the negative feedback loop that
regulates sex hormone production.

Question 11

Cycles in People with Testes

Answer 11

• Assumptions

-testorene levels are constants while estrogen(for example) is not

• Research evidence
• there is some changes in level of testorene:

-more in the morning and less in the evening

-higher in fall and lower in summer,

-higher weekends and lower during weekdays

-changes due to behaviour: sexual activity affects testorene : new pertner have more testerone in the next day, man who have their team play and winn get more testorene

cortosal level(stress hormone)-decreses testoreno

Question 12

Ovaries

Question 13

Estrogen

Answer 13

• Development of physical characteristics (e.g., breasts,
  uterus, vagina)
• Stopping growth of bone & muscle
• Regulation of the menstrual cycle
• Maintaining mucous membranes of vagina

Question 14

Progesterone

Answer 14

• Regulation of the menstrual cycle
• Development of uterine lining

Question 15

Inhibin

Answer 15

• Regulates FSH

Question 16

Prolactin

pituitary glans

Answer 16

milk production, progesterone production

men also have it

Question 17

Oxytocin: “tend & befriend”

Answer 17

milk secretion, contractions of uterus during
childbirth

men also have it

Question 18

Negative Feedback Loop

Answer 18

when the testorene is lower indicate to start incresing the estrogen,progesterone,inhabit so it becomes balance

Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis
Hypothalamus –** GnRH** >
Pituitary gland – FSH & LH >
Ovaries – estrogen, progesterone,
inhibin