second and third trimester

Question 1

clinicaal manifestations Toxoplasmosis

dx

Answer 1

First trimester - death

Second - hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifeications, chorientiitis

Third - asymptomatic at birth

dx via IgM (igG is more indicative of chronic)

Question 1

CMV infection histology

Answer 1

owl eye basopihlilc inclusions in nucleus

Question 2

second trimester complications

Answer 2

TORCH

cervical insufficiency

fetal anomalies

Question 3

rubella, virus and clincical

Answer 3

Togavirus

deafness

eye - cataracts or retinopathy

cns defects

cardiac malformations

Question 4

fetal HSV cliinical

Answer 4

Congenital (rare)

microcephaly

ventriculomegaly

spasticity

echogenic bowel
hepatosplenomegaly

flexed extremities

Question 4

Preterm premature rupture of membrane =

risk factors

dx

Answer 4

chorioamniotic rupture before onset of labor in

Risk: preterm labor, shortcervix,advanced cervical dilation

dx: direct visualization of fluid and ferning on microscopy

Question 4

macrosomia =

risk factors

Answer 4

estimated weight >4500g

incorrect dates, maternal diabetes, excessive weight gain, maternal obesity

Question 6

fetal clincial manisfestation parvovirus

Answer 6

anemia

acute muycarditis

edema/hydrops

intrauterine demise

Question 7

Tzanck smear

Answer 7

wrights stain with vescular materia showiing multinucleated giant cells and viral inclusions in HSV infection

Question 9

dx fetal syphillis

Answer 9

screening - RPR and vDRL

FTA-ABS and MHA test confirm

Question 10

placenta previa =

presentation

risk factors

Answer 10

placenta over or near intternal os

painless, no contractions

risk: smoking, advanced age, multiple gestation, uterine anomlies, scaring from previous pregnancies

Question 12

TORCH infections

Answer 12

Toxoplasmosis
Other (Syphillis, Parvovirus B19)

Rubella

Cytomegalovirus

Herpes simplex virus

Question 13

hemorrhage secondary to placental abnls (placenta previa. accreta, abruption, velamentous cord isertion) occur duing

Answer 13

third trimester

Question 13

intrauterine growth restricion =

Answer 13

estimated fetal weight

Question 14

placenta abruption -=

resentatoin

risk factors

Answer 14

placental separation due to heorrhage into decidual basalis before birth

presents: vaginal bleeeding, uterine tenderness, contractions (with or without hearttones)
risk: prior abruption, trauma, PPROM, HTN, smoking, cocaine

Question 14

velamentous cord insertion =

Answer 14

cord to chroion and amnior rather than placenta

Question 16

fetal CMV clinical

Answer 16

periventricular calcifications

intrauterine growth restriction
developmental delay
microecephaly
senosrineural hearing lsos
retinitis
Jaundice + hepatospenomgaly
trhombocytopenia
hypotonia

Question 18

risk factos for preterm

dx

Answer 18

premature activation of maternal or fetal hypothalamic =-pituitary - adrenalaxis

exaggerated inflammatory respoinses or infection

abruption

pathological uterine distension

dx: regular contarctions resulting in cervical dilation

Question 19

placenta accreta

placenta increta

placenta percreta

Answer 19

implantation extends into basal zonne of endometrium

risk for heorrhage and hysterectomy after delivery

increta - into myometrium

percreta - into uterine serosa or other organs
(risk factors = multiple c-sections, placenta previa)

Question 20

risk factor cervical insuffieicny

Answer 20

collagen abnls

uterine anomalies

prior obstetric trauma

mechaniical dilation

prior 2nd trimester loss

Question 21

trasmission CMC

Answer 21

transplacental

perinatal

contact with body fluids

Question 22

syphillis fetal infection presentations

Answer 22

spontatnesous abortion (first trimester)

still birth

non-immune hydrops

preterm

heaptomegaly

ascites

anemia, thrombocytopenia

Question 23

toxplasma gondii transmission

Answer 23

fecal oral

transplacental