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TEAS Reading Flashcards > Science Key Terms 4 > Flashcards

Science Key Terms 4 Flashcards

1
Q

steroid hormones

A

Hormones made from cholesterol.

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2
Q

stomach

A

The organ between the esophagus and small intestine in which the major portion of digestion occurs.

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3
Q

subcutaneous i

A

Under the dermis

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4
Q

supersaturated solution

A

A solution that has been raised to a higher temperature in order to dissolve more solute than would be possible at room temperature.

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5
Q

sugars

A

The monomers used to build polysaccharides; also molecules made of two or a few monosaccharide units that are used for fuel in the body.

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5
Q

sublimination

A

The transition of a substance from solid to gas without passing through the liquid state.

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6
Q

surfactant

A

A lipoprotein secreted by alveoli and found in the lungs facilitates breathing by reducing surface tension.

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7
Q

synapse

A

The structure that allows neurons to pass signals to other neurons, muscles, or glands.

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8
Q

sweat

A

Perspiration excreted by the sweat glands through the skin.

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9
Q

systole

A

The portion of the cardiac cycle in which the heart expels blood.

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10
Q

T cells

A

White blood cells that mature in the thymus and participate in an immune response.

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11
Q

Target site

A

A particular cell type or organ on which a specific hormone can have an effect.

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12
Q

telophase

A

The stage of mitosis in which two nuclei form and the daughter cells separate.

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13
Q

telophase I

A

The stage in meiosis I in which nuclear membranes form as the cell seperates into two haploid daughter cells with chromosomes consisting of two sister chromatids.

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14
Q

telophase II

A

The stage in meiosis II in which nuclear membranes form as the two daughter cells from meiosis I seperate into four haploid daughter cells with chromosomes consisting of a single chromatid.

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15
Q

template strand

A

A sequence of bases on a strand of DNA that is used to form a complementary mRNA molecule.

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16
Q

tendons

A

Tough connective tissue that attaches mucle to bone.

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17
Q

testes(testicles)

A

The male gonads. The organs that produce sperm

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18
Q

testosterone

A

The hormone that stimulates male secondary sexual characteristics.

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19
Q

thymus

A

The lymphoid organ that produces T-cells.

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20
Q

thyroid gland

A

The gland in the neck that secretes hormones that regulate growth, development, and metabolic rate.

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21
Q

tidal volume

A

The amount of air breathed in a normal inhalation or exhalation.

22
Q

tissue

A

A group of cells with similar structure that function together as a unit, but at a lower level than organs

23
Q

trachea

A

The windpipe, which connects the larynx to the lungs.

24
Q

transcription

A

The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template

25
Q

translation

A

Protein synthesis that takes place after mRNA exits the nucleus and binds to a ribosome.

25
Q

trypsin

A

Pancreatic enzyme that breaks down protein

26
Q

Tubular reabsorption

A

Movement of useful material from filtrate back into the bloodstream.

27
Q

usaturated solution

A

A solution containing less than the maximum possible amount of solute.

28
Q

urea

A

The main nitrogenous part of urine

29
Q

ureter

A

The duct that delivers urine from the kidney to the bladder

29
Q

urethra

A

The duct that delivers urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

30
Q

urinary bladder

A

The structure that stores urine in the body until elimination

31
Q

urinary system

A

Is composed of the kidneys, urethers, urinary bladder, and urethra and function in the excretory process

32
Q

urine

A

Liquid waste excreted by the kidneys.

33
Q

uterus

A

The womb

33
Q

vaccination

A

The process of introducing weakened or killed antigens to a body in order to elicit an immune response.

33
Q

vaccine

A

A solution of dead or weakened pathogen introduced to the body for the purpose of stimulating antibody production for that pathogen.

34
Q

vacuole

A

A cell organelle that serves as storage for a variety of substances, including water, toxins, and carbohydrates.

35
Q

vagina

A

The canal that connects the external genitals to the cervix in the female

36
Q

valence electron

A

An electron in an outer orbital that can form bonds with other atoms

37
Q

variables

A

The conditions in an experiment that may be changed or manipulated

38
Q

vas deferens

A

The duct in which sperm moves form testicle to the urethra.

39
Q

veins

A

Vessels that carry blood toward the heart from other body parts

40
Q

ventilation

A

The exchange of oxygen with carbon dioxide in the lungs.

41
Q

virus

A

A noncellular entity that consists of a nucleic acid core (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat.

42
Q

viscera

A

The internal organs in the main cavities of the body.The soft internal organs of the body, including the lungs, the heart, and the organs of the digestive, excretory, and reproductive systems.

43
Q

Vitamin D

A

A vitamin made by the skin that helps the intestine absorb dietary calcium.

44
Q

Volkmann Canal

A

Channels in bone that transmit blood vessels and communicate with Haversian canals. Also called perforating canals

45
Q

volume

A

The amount of space something takes up

46
Q

volumetric pipette

A

A device used for precise measurement of small amounts of liquid volume

47
Q

voluntary

A

with intentional control

48
Q

zygote

A

Fertilized egg with full set of genetic material resulting from merging of egg and sperm nuclei.

TEAS Reading Flashcards (39 decks)

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