Science Key Terms 3 Flashcards
mole
A unit of a substance that is equal to exactly 6.02214076 x 10^23 particles of that substance.
molecule
An arrangement of two or more atoms bonded together.
monohybrid cross
A cross between parents heterozygous at one specific gene.
monomers
Molecules that can bond to similar or identical molecules to form a polymer.
mouth
The oral cavity at the entry to the alimentary canal.
muscle
Fibrous tissue that produces force and motion to move the body or produce movement in parts of the body.
muscular system
An integrated system in the body that is vital for controlling involuntary and voluntary movement .
mutation
A permanent change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA that may arise during replication.
negative feedback
A mechanism that includes the monitoring for specific homeostatic levels and a signal to a gland. This signal stimulates or inhibits the gland’s secretion in order to maintain homeostasis or cause compensations that returns the level to homeostasis.
nephron
A system of microscopic tubes in the kidneys that use various pressure levels to remove wastes and reabsorb important molecules and water. Expells urine
nerve
A long bundle of neuronal axons that transmits signals to and from the central nervous system.
nervous system
A complex system that controls and affects every part of the body in daily life functions and in the constant drive to maintain homeostasis Neuron Cell of the nervous system that conducts the electrical nerve impulse.
neutralization reaction
A chemical reaction in which mixing an acid with a base causes H+ from the acid to combine with the OH- from the base, forming water.
neutron
An atomic particle with no electric charge.
non-Mendelian Inheritance
Inheritance of traits that do not follow Mendelian patterns of inheritance.
noncovalent bond
A relatively weak bond, like a hydrogen bond or an ionic bond; in macromolecules, many noncovalent bonds work together to give the macromolecule its functional three-dimensional shape. Don’t involve the sharing of electrons.
noninfectious diseases
Diseases that cannot be transmitted directly from one person to another.
nonmetal
Any element or substance that is not a metal
nucleic acids
Long molecules made of nucleotides; DNA and RNA
nucleotides
The monomers used to build DNA and RNA.
nucleus
A large organelle within a cell that houses the chromosomes and regulates the activities of the cell.
nucleus (atom)
The central part of an atom that contains the protons and neutrons.
orbital
An area around the nucleus where an electron can be found.
organ
A structure formed from various tissues that performs a specific function in an organism.