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TEAS Reading Flashcards > English Key Terms > Flashcards

English Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

adjective

A

Word or phrase that describes or modifies a noun.

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2
Q

adverb

A

Word or phrase that describes or modifies an adjective, verb, or other adverb.

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3
Q

affix

A

Letters placed at the beginning or end of a word or word part to modify its meaning.

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4
Q

apostrophe

A

Punctuation mark that denotes possessive case or omission of letters. article. Word ( a, an, or the) that refers to a noun.

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5
Q

brainstorming

A

Discussing as a group to create an idea or solve a problem.

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6
Q

citation

A

A strictly formatted line of text that provides a source reference.

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7
Q

colloquialism

A

An informal word or phrase. Ex: Ain’t: A contraction of “is not” that’s commonly used in American English
Ballpark: Something that’s close but not exact

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8
Q

comma

A

Punctuation marks used to separate parts of sentences.

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9
Q

complement

A

Sentence part that gives more information about a subject or object.

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10
Q

complex sentence

A

Sentence that contains an independent clause and at least one dependent clause.

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11
Q

compound sentence

A

Sentence that contains at least two independent clauses.

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12
Q

conjunction

A

A connecting word

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13
Q

context

A

Surrounding words or ideas within a sentence or passage that affect the meaning of a word and influence how it is understood.

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14
Q

coordinate adjectives

A

Two equally weighted adjectives that describe the same noun and require a comma between them.

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15
Q

dependent clause

A

A group of words that includes a subject and verb but cannot stand alone as a complete sentence because it does not express a complete thought.

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16
Q

derivation

A

Determining the origin of a word.

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17
Q

derivational suffix

A

A suffix that forms a new word with a new meaning when added.

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18
Q

diction

A

The style of writing determined by word choice.

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19
Q

draft

A

An unfinished version of a text.

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20
Q

end marks

A

Punctuation marks that end sentences: period, question mark, and exclamation mark.

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21
Q

exclamation mark

A

End mark that denotes strong feeling.

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22
Q

formal

A

A style that follows conventional rules.

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23
Q

fragment

A

An incomplete sentence

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24
Q

genre

A

A group of related writings or other media.

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25
Q

homographs

A

Words that are spelled the same, such as “bass” ( a fish) and bass (musical instrument), but have different meanings and may be pronounced differently.

26
Q

homophones

A

Words that sound the same, such as “new” and “knew” but have different meanings.

27
Q

imperative sentence

A

A complete sentence that conveys a command, instruction, or request and has the implied or understood subject, “you.” Ex: Finish your homework!

28
Q

independent clause

A

A group of words that includes a subject and predicate and can stand alone as a complete sentence because it expresses a complete thought.

29
Q

indirect object

A

The person or thing to whom or which something is done.

30
Q

inflection

A

How a word is spoken to modify its tone or meaning. An example of an inflection in English is adding the suffix “-s” to a noun to make it plural, like changing “cat” to “cats” - the “-s” is the inflection that indicates plurality.

31
Q

inflectional suffix

A

In English, common inflectional suffixes include “-s” (plural), “-ed” (past tense), “-ing” (present participle), and “-‘s” (possessive).

32
Q

informal

A

A style that is relaxed and unofficial.

33
Q

interjection

A

A word or phrase that represents a short burst of emotion. Ex: Ouch!

34
Q

jargon

A

Words used in a specific profession or discipline. Ex: Medical: “Aneurysm” (a medical professional would understand this, but the average person might not)
Tech: “bandwidth” (referring to internet speed)
Legal: “voir dire” (a legal process of questioning potential jurors)
Marketing: “customer acquisition cost” (CAC)

35
Q

mind mapping

A

Visually diagramming ideas around a central concept.

36
Q

modifier

A

A word or group of words that provide description for another word. Ex:”The big dog barked loudly,” the word “big” is a modifier because it describes the noun “dog” by specifying its size; essentially, it modifies the noun “dog” to give more detail about it.

37
Q

mood

A

How the elements in a text, such as word choice make the reader feel

38
Q

noun

A

a person, place, thing or idea.

39
Q

object/direct object

A

A word or group of words that receive the action of a verb.

40
Q

Oxford Comma

A

The comma before the “and” in a simple series of items.

41
Q

parts of speech

A

Eight categories for classifying words, adjective, adverb, conjunction, interjection, noun, preposition, pronoun, verb.

42
Q

perfective

A

A verb tense indicating that the action described has been completed.

43
Q

period

A

End mark that denotes the end of a standard sentence.

44
Q

phrase

A

A group of words that work together as a unit.

45
Q

plural

A

More than one item

46
Q

predicate

A

The part of a sentence that explains what the subject does or is like.

47
Q

prefix

A

An affix that appears at the beginning of a word

48
Q

preposition

A

A word that describes relationships between other words. Ex: on, at, to, by, with, for, under, between, above, and through.

49
Q

progressive

A

A verb tense indicating that the action described is currently happening.

50
Q

pronoun

A

A word that takes the place of a noun.

51
Q

pronoun-antecedent agreement

A

Matching like numbers of pronouns and their antecedents. Ex: “The girls found their new shoes at the mall”
“Chelsey finished her presentation”

52
Q

quotation marks

A

Punctuation marks that denote a spoken or other quoted text.

53
Q

register

A

Degree of formality in a text.

54
Q

root

A

A word part to which an affix can be attached.

54
Q

run-on sentence

A

A sentence with extra parts that are not joined properly by the correct conjunction or punctuation.
Ex: “I love to cook, I could spend all day in the kitchen.”
“She went to the store, she bought groceries.”
It should be separated into two sentences or joined with a coordinating conjunction like “and” with a comma

55
Q

second person

A

A narrative mode that addresses the reader as “you.”

56
Q

simple sentence

A

Sentence that contains only one idea or independent clause and uses only an end mark.

57
Q

slang

A

Informal language usually tied to a specific group of people.

58
Q

stream-of-consciousness writing

A

A narrative device that mimics interior monologue

59
Q

subject

A

The main noun of a sentence that is doing or being.

60
Q

subject-verb agreement

A

Matching like numbers of subjects and verbs: singular with singular, plural with plural.

61
Q

Suffix, supporting detail, synonyms, tense, tone, topic sentence, transition words, verb.

A

suffix- An affix that appears at the end of a word.
supporting detail- that supports the main idea by answering, who, what, where, when, or why.
synonyms- Words with identical or similar meanings.
tense- Refers to when an action occurs: past, present, future.
Tone- An authors implied or explicit attitude toward a topic.
Topic sentence- The sentence that summarizes the main idea of a text or paragraph.
Transition words- Words that link or introduce ideas.
Verb- A word that describes an action or state of being.

TEAS Reading Flashcards (45 decks)

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