Science Key Terms 2 Flashcards
endocrine gland
A gland that secretes hormones. A duct-less gland.
endothermic
Involving the absorption of heat
enzymatic digestion
The breakdown of food by enzymes for absorption.
enzyme
A substance produced by a living thing that acts as a catalyst. A catalyst that speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering cell activation energy, most enzymes are proteins.
epidermis
The outer layer of the skin
epinephrine
A polar, water-soluble hormone released by adrenals in response to stress. Also known as adrenaline.
epiphyseal plate
Hyaline cartilage in long bones where bone elongation happens. Also known as the growth plate.
equillibrium
The stage of a chemical reaction in which both reactants and products are present, and their concentrations no longer change.
equillibrium
The stage of a chemical reaction in which both reactants and products are present and their concentrations no longer change.
estrogen
A female sex hormone released by ovaries
excretion
Elimination of metabolic waste from the body.
exocrine glands
A gland that produces secretions having an extracellular effect, such as chemical digestion. These secretions leave the gland by way of a duct: salivary glands, mammary glands, sweat glands, etct.
exothermic
Involving release of heat
fallopian tubes
Tubes that carry eggs from the ovaries to the uterus.
fatty acid
A molecule composed of a long hydrocarbon chain with a carboxylic acid group on one end.
fertilization
or (conception). The fusion of the egg and sperm.
filtrate
Materials, including water, that leave the blood through the walls of the glomerular capillaries to enter the Bowman’s capsule.
flat bones
Thin bones that have plate-like shape, such as bones of the cranium
follicle-stimulating hormone
A hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that stimulates development of eggs in ovaries and sperm in testes.
follicle
Saclike structure that contains and allows for maturation of the female ovum (egg) within the ovary.
fungi
Eukaryotic organisms that obtain nutrients by absorbing organic material from their environment (decomposers) through symbiotic relationships with plants or harmful relationships with a host.
gall bladder
The organ that stores bile
gamete
Sex cell, in males the sperm, in females the eggs (ova).
gene
A sequence of DNA that is the basic unit of heredity.