Schema theory

Question 1

What is a schema

Answer 1

A generalised motor programme that can be adapted to similar sporting situations.

Question 2

How is a schema used in learning a new skill?

Answer 2

By recalling new schemas we can modify them to suit the new skill

Question 3

What can a schema for throwing be adapted to?

Answer 3

• Returning a cricket ball
• Shoulder pass in netball
• Goal keeper throw

Question 4

How are motor programmes adapted

Answer 4

Using info from the environment and by using feedback from the senses.

Question 5

What are the two main categories

Answer 5

• Recall schema
• Recognition schema

Question 6

What is the recall schema?

Answer 6

it initiates movement and comes before the action

Question 7

What is the recognition schema?

Answer 7

Controls the movement and happens during the action

Question 8

What are the two processes within the recall schema

Answer 8

• Initial conditions
• Response specification

Question 9

What is initial conditions?

Answer 9

Refers to information from the sporting environment that must be recognised before the schema can be used. (Perceptual)

Question 10

What is response specification

Answer 10

Based on initial conditions and past experiences, you decide what movement to perform. (Translatory/effector)

Question 11

Give an example during initial conditions

Answer 11

Positioning on court

Question 12

Give an example during response specification

Answer 12

How far do I need to pass the ball/what pass

Question 13

What are the two processes in recognition schema?

Answer 13

• Sensory consequences
• Response outcome

Question 14

What is sensory consequences

Answer 14

Information from the senses is used to control and apply the movement to the situation

Question 15

Give an example during sensory consequences

Answer 15

Am I Still balanced? (KoP)

Question 16

What is response outcome

Answer 16

Comparison of actual and intended outcome (KoR)

Question 17

Give an example during response outcome

Answer 17

Did the pass reach the intended target?

Question 18

How can schemas be developed successfully?

Answer 18

• Practice the skill until its grooved - therefore motor programme is created and can be adapted
• Ensure that motor programmes are transferable to games situation - allows performer to quickly recall schema
  -Give feedback - so performer knows how and when to adjust motor programmes

Question 19

When is it not possible to use a schema?

Answer 19

Novices might not have developed a motor programme which can then be adapted.