Scapular + Upper Limb Muscles

Question 1

What is the origin of the upper trapezius?

Answer 1

external occipital protuberance, medial superior nuchal line of occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae of SP C7

Question 2

What is the origin of the middle trapezius?

Answer 2

SP of T1-T5

Question 3

What is the origin of lower trapezius?

Answer 3

SP T6-T12

Question 4

What is the insertion of Upper trapezius?

Answer 4

lateral clavicle, acromion of scapula

Question 5

What is the insertion of the middle trapezius?

Answer 5

acromion + spine of scapula

Question 6

What is the insertion of lower trapezius?

Answer 6

tubercle @ root of the spine of the scapula

Question 7

What are the functions of the upper trapezius?

Answer 7

Ext of head @ AOJ
Lat Flex of head @ AOJ
Ext. of neck @ spinal joint
Lat Flex of neck @ spinal joint
contralateral rot of head @ AAJ
contralateral rot of neck @ spinal joint
upward rot of scapula @ STJ
elevation of scapula @ STJ

Question 8

What are the functions of the middle trapezius?

Answer 8

retraction of scapula @ STJ

Question 9

What are the functions of the lower trapezius?

Answer 9

depression of scapula @ STJ

upward rotation of scapula @ STJ

Question 10

What nerve innervates the trapezius?

Answer 10

spinal accessory nerve (CNXI)

Question 11

What is the origin of the rhomboid major?

Answer 11

SP of T2-T5

Question 12

What is the insertion of the rhomboid major?

Answer 12

vertebral border of scapula inferior to root of spine

Question 13

What is the origin of rhomboid minor

Answer 13

SP of C7-T1

Question 14

What is the insertion of the rhomboid minor?

Answer 14

vertebral border of scapula at the root of the spine

Question 15

What are the common functions of the rhomboid muscles?

Answer 15

retraction of scapula @ STJ
downward rot of scapula @ STJ
elev of scapula @ STJ

Question 16

What is the common innervation of the rhomboid muscles

Answer 16

dorsal scapular nerve

Question 17

What is the origin of the levator scapulae

Answer 17

TP of C1-C4

Question 18

What is the insertion of the levator scapulae

Answer 18

medial border of scapula (above spine, superior angle of scapula)

Question 19

What are the functions of the levator scapulae

Answer 19

Elevation of scapula @ STJ
lat flex of neck @ spinal joints
ext of neck @ spinal joints
downward rot of scapula @ STJ

Question 20

What nerve innervates the levator scapulae

Answer 20

dorsal scapular nerve

Question 21

What nerve innervates all muscles attached to the medial border of the scapula?

Answer 21

dorsal scapular nerve

Question 22

What is the origin of the pectoralis minor

Answer 22

2-5 ribs

Question 23

What is the insertion of the pectoralis minor

Answer 23

coracoid process of the scapula

Question 24

What are the functions of the pectoralis minor

Answer 24

protraction of scapula @ STJ
downward rot of scapula @ STJ
elevation of ribs during forced inhalation @ sternocostal + costovertebral joint
depression of scapula @ STJ

Question 25

What is the origin of the subclavius muscle

Answer 25

rib 1

Question 26

What is the insertion of the subclavius

Answer 26

subclavian groove of clavicle

Question 27

What are the functions of the subclavius

Answer 27

depression of clavicle @ sternoclavicular + acromioclavicular joint protraction of clavicle @ sternoclavicular + acromioclavicular joint elevates rib 1 @ sternocostal + costovertbral joint

Question 28

What nerve innervates subclavius

Answer 28

nerve to subclavius

Question 29

What is the main upward rotator of the scapula

Answer 29

serratus anterior

Question 30

What is the boxer muscle

Answer 30

serratus anterior, important in horizontal arm movement

Question 31

What is winged scapula

Answer 31

paralysis of serratus anterior due to damage of thoracic nerve, unable to do pushing/raise arm above head

Question 32

What is the origin of the serratus anterior

Answer 32

upper 9 ribs

Question 33

What is the insertion of the serratus anterior

Answer 33

anterior surface of vertebral border of scapula

Question 34

What are the functions of the serratus anterior

Answer 34

protraction of scapula @ STJ | upward rotation of scapula @ STJ

Question 35

What nerve innervates the serratus anterior

Answer 35

long thoracic nerve

Question 36

What is the origin of the pectoralis major

Answer 36

clavicular head: medial 1/2 of clavicle | sternocostal head: sternum + costal cartliages 1-7

Question 37

What is the insertion of the pectoralis major

Answer 37

lateral lip of intertubercualr sulcus of humerus

Question 38

What are the functions of the pectoralis major

Answer 38

add of arm @ GHJ Med rot of arm @ GHJ flex of arm @ GHJ horiz add of arm @ GHJ

Question 39

What nerve innervates the pectoralis major

Answer 39

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Question 40

What is the swimmers/crutch muscle

Answer 40

latissimus dorsi

Question 41

What is the origin of the latissimus dorsi

Answer 41

SP T7-L5 crests of ilium + sacrum lowest 4 ribs

Question 42

What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi

Answer 42

floor of intertubercular groove of humerus

Question 43

What are the functions of the latissimus dorsi

Answer 43

med rot of arm @ GHJ ex of arm @ GHJ add of arm @ GHJ anterior tilt of pelvis @ lumbosacral joint

Question 44

What nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi?

Answer 44

thoracodorsal nerve

Question 45

What is the origin of the anterior fibres of the deltoid

Answer 45

lateral clavicle

Question 46

What is the origin of the lateral fibres of the deltoid

Answer 46

acromion

Question 47

What is the origin of the posterior fibres of the deltoid

Answer 47

spine of scapula

Question 48

What is the insertion of the deltoid

Answer 48

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Question 49

What is the function of all the fibres of the deltoid

Answer 49

abduction of arm @ GHJ

Question 50

What are the functions of the anterior fibres of the deltoid

Answer 50

horz add of arm @ GHJ med rot of arm @ GHJ flex of arm @ GHJ

Question 51

What are the functions of the posterior fibres of the deltoid

Answer 51

lat rot of arm @ GHJ Ext of arm @ GHJ horiz abd @ GHJ

Question 52

What nerve innervates the deltoid

Answer 52

upper and lower subscapular nerves

Question 53

What is the origin of the teres major?

Answer 53

inferior lateral border of scapula

Question 54

What is the insertion of the teres major

Answer 54

medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus

Question 55

What are the functions of the teres major

Answer 55

med rot of arm @ GHJ add of arm @ GHJ ext of arm @ GHJ

Question 56

What nerve innervates the teres major

Answer 56

lower subscapular nerve