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MSAK-1 > Head and Neck Bones/Muscles > Flashcards

Head and Neck Bones/Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the hyoid bone?

A

irregular horseshoe shaped bone suspended from the tips of the styloid process of the temporal bone by ligaments

  • doesnt articulate with other bones
  • gives attachment to many muscles
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2
Q

Describe the body of the hyoid bone

A

convex anteriorly

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3
Q

Describe the lesser horn of the hyoid bone

A

attached to the end of the body on either side, is directed upward

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4
Q

Describe the greater horn of the hyoid bone

A

continuation of the body and moves backwards

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5
Q

What does the cranium refer to

A

all bones in the skull minus the mandible

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6
Q

How many bones is the neruocranium composed of? What are they?

A

8
Paired: parietal, temporal
Unpaired: frontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid

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7
Q

What does the calvaria refer to? Describe it, what is it composed of?

A

roof of the skull, dome like skull cap

composed of frontal, occipital and parietal

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8
Q

How many bones make up the vicerocranium? What are they?

A

14 facial skeleton bones

paired: maxilla, zygomatic, nasal, lacrimal, palatine, inferior nasal concha
unpaired: mandible, vomer

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9
Q

Describe the coronal suture

A

placed between the frontal bone and the two parietal bones

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10
Q

Describe the sagittal suture

A

placed in the median plane between the two parietal bones

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11
Q

Describe the lamboid suture

A

lies posteriorly between the occipital and parietal bones

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12
Q

What are fontanelles

A

soft membrane on the head of a baby due to incomplete fusion of the cranial bones

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13
Q

Where is the bregma

A

where the coronal and sagittal sutures meet

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14
Q

Where is the Lambda

A

Where the lamboid and sagittal suture meet

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15
Q

What nerve innervates all muscles of the scalp and facial expression

A

Cranial Never VII (facial nerve)

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16
Q

What nerve innervates all muscles of mastication?

A

Cranial Nerve V (mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve)

17
Q

What are the movement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

A

depression/elevation
protraction/retraction
lateral movement

18
Q

What are the movements of the head?

A

flexion/extension @ atlanto-occipital joint (AOJ)

  • lateral flection @ AOJ
  • rotation @ C1+C2 atlantoaxial joint (AAJ)
19
Q

What are the movements of the neck?

A

flexion/extension @ spinal joints
lateral flexion @spinal joints
rotation @ AAJ

20
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and innervation of the Temporalis muscle?

A

origin: temporal fossa
insertion: coronoid process and anterior border of the ramus of the mandible
innervation: mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

21
Q

What are the functions of the Temporalis muscle?

A

Elevation of the mandible @ TMJ

Retraction of the mandible @ TMJ

22
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and innervation of Masseter muscle

A

Origin: zygomatic arch

insertion: angle and ramus of mandible
innervation: mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

23
Q

What are the functions of the masseter muscle?

A

elevation of the mandible @ TMJ

protraction of the mandible @ TMJ

24
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and innervation of Occipitalis muscle

A

Origin: superior nuchal line of the occipital bone and mastoid provress of the temporal bone

insertion: galea aponeruotica
innervation: CN VII facial nerve

25
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and innervation of Frontalis muscle?

A

Origin: galea aponeruotica

insertion: fascia and skin superior to the eyes and nose
innervation: CN VII facial nerve

26
Q

What are the functions of the occipitofrontalis muscle?

A

draws scalp posteriorly
draws scalp anteriorly
elevates eyebrows

27
Q

If you want to test CN VII what do you ask the client to do?

A

raise the eyebrows

28
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and innervation of Zygomaticus Major muscle?

A

o: zygomatic bone
i: angle of the mouth
n: CN VII facial nerve

29
Q

What are the functions of the zygomaticus major muscle?

A

elevate the angle of the mouth

30
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and innervation of risorius muscle?

A

o: fascia of parotid gland
i: angle of the mouth
n: CN VII facial nerve

31
Q

What are the functions of the risorius muscle?

A

draws laterally the angle of the mouth

32
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and innervation of buccinator muscle

A

o: outer surfaces of the alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible
i: deep into the musculature of lips, lateral to angle of the mouth
i: CN VII facial nerve

33
Q

What are the functions of the buccinator

A

compress the cheeks against the teeth

34
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and innervation of platysma muscle

A

o: the fascia covering the upper parts of the pectoralis major and deltoid
i: mandible and subcutaneous fascia of lower face
n: CN VII facial nerve

35
Q

What are the functions of the platysma muscle

A
  • draws up the skin of the superior neck and chest creating ridges of skin on neck
  • depresses and draws lower lip laterally
36
Q

What is the origin, insertion, and innervation of sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM)

A

o: medial 1/3 of clavical and manubrium of sternum
i: mastoid process of the temporal bone and lateral 1/2 of the superior nuchal line of occipital bone
n: CN XI spinal accessory nerve

37
Q

What are the functions of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM)?

A
  • flexion of lower neck @ spinal joints
  • extension of head @ atlantoocipital joint
  • extension of upper neck @ spinal joints
  • lateral flexion of the head @ AOJ
  • lateral flexion of the neck @ spinal joints
  • contralateral rotation of head @ AAJ
  • contralateral rotation of neck @ spinal joints
  • elevation of the sternum and clavical during forced inhaltion

MSAK-1 (19 decks)

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