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MSAK-1 > Bones of Upper Limb > Flashcards

Bones of Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What is the only long bone that lies horizontally?

A

Clavicle

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2
Q

What forms the pectoral (shoulder) girdle?

A

clavical, scapula

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3
Q

Is the sternal end of the clavicle medial or lateral

A

medial

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4
Q

Is the acromial end of the clavicle medial or lateral? What differs it from the sternal end

A

lateral, is flat

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5
Q

Where are the articular surfaces found on the clavicle?

A

sternal and acromial end

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6
Q

Where does the costoclavicular ligament attach?

A

near sternal end on inferior surface is an impressioon

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7
Q

Where is the subsclavian groove located and what is it for?

A

for subclavian muscle attachment lies on inferior surface of the body of the clavicle

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8
Q

Where is the conoid tubercle of the clavicle?

A

lies near the acromial end close to the trapezoid line

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9
Q

What form the Acromioclavicular Joint (ACJ)s

A

acromion of scpula and acromial end of clavicle

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10
Q

What are the movements of the acromioclavicular joint

A

sliding/gliding

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11
Q

What forms the sternoclavicular joint (SCJ)?

A

manubrium of sternum and sternal end of clavicle

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12
Q

What are the movements of the sternoclavicular joint (SCJ)

A

elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, rotation

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13
Q

What bone is the first to ossify and what type of bone is it?

A

a subcutaneous bone, clavicle

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14
Q

What does ossification mean?

A

to become bone

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15
Q

What does the scapula look like

A

flat and triangular

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16
Q

What does the scapula contain?

(maybe look at an unlabeled photo)

A

medial (vertebral) border, lateral border, superior border, superior/inferior angles, subscapular fossa
supraspinous fossa, infraspinous fossa, spine, acromial facet, acromial angle, supraglenoid tubercle, infraglenoid tubercle, neck, coracoid process, subscapular notch

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17
Q

What is the subscapular fossa of the scapula?

A

anterior or costal surface that is flat and slightly concave

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18
Q

How is the dorsal surface of the scapula divided and what are the divisions called?

A

the dorsal surface is divided by the spine of the scapula into smaller supraspinous fossa and larger infraspinous fossa

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19
Q

Describe the spine of the scapula

A

has a triangular base medially which rises laterally and ends at acromion

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20
Q

What is the acromion of the scapula

A

flattened process located at the end of the spine of scapula laterally

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21
Q

Where/What is the acromial facet of the scapula

A

near the lateral end is an oval articular facet for articulation with clavicle

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22
Q

What/Where is the glenoid cavity

A

beared by lateral angle of scapula, articulates with head of the humerous to form Glenohumeral joint

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23
Q

What/where is the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

A

at its upper border a small projection

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24
Q

Where is the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

A

below glenoid cavity

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25
Where is the neck of the scapula
adjacent (medial) to glenoid cavity
26
Where is the coracoid process of the scapula
lies above glenoid cavity, bent at a right angle ventro-laterally
27
Where is the suprascapular notch
medial to base of coracoid process on upper border of scapula
28
What is the proximal end of the humerous formed by
head, anatomical neck, greater/lesser tubercle
29
What facets does the greater tubercle of the humourus carry?
3 facets: superior, middle and inferior
30
What lies intermediate to the greater and lesser tubercle of the humerous?
intertubercular (bicipital) groove
31
Describe the intertubercular (bicipital) groove
has 2 lips: crest of greater/lesser tubercle
32
Where does the surgical neck of the humerous lie
proximally on body of humerous close to axillary nerve
33
Where is the deltoid tuberosity of the humerous
middle of the body laterally
34
Where is the radial groove of the humerous and what is it for?
behind deltoid tuberosity, very shallow for radial nerve
35
Describe the glenohumeral joint (GHJ)
glenoid cavity + head of the humerous articulate to form ball and socket joint AKA shoulder joint
36
what are the movements of the glenohumeral joint
flexion/extension adduction/abduction rotation circumduction
37
How is the body of the humerous divided? What are those parts called
antero-medial surface with medial border, antero-lateral surface with lateral border which sharpen distally and is called lateral/medial supracondylar ridges
38
What is the ligamentum nuchae and where does it attach
strong ligament that attaches to spinous processes of cervical vertebrae
39
What are the movements of the scapula
upward/downward rotation retraction(adduction)/protraction(abduction) elevation depression
40
What is the scapulothoracic joint (STJ)
a physiological joint between scapula and thorax, AKA scapulocostal joint (SCJ)
41
On this distal end of the humerus what is on the medial side?
large medial epicondyle
42
On the distal end of the humerus on the lateral side is what?
smaller lateral epicondyle
43
What do the trochlea and capitilum of the humerus form?
humeral condyles for articulation with bones of the forearm
44
Where does the radial fossa lie in relation to the capitulum of the humerus?
proximal
45
Where does the coronoid fossa of the humerus lie in relation to the trochlea?
proximal
46
Which is larger: coronoid fossa or radial fossa?
coronoid fossa
47
Where does the ulnar nerve lie on the humerus?
medial to the trochlea is a shallow groove which is a sulcus for the ulnar nerve
48
Fracture of what part of the humerus can affect/damage the ulnar nerve?
medial epicondyle
49
What is coronoid fossa of the humerus for?
the coronoid process of the ulna during flexion of the forearm
50
What is the radial fossa for on the humerus?
for the head of the radius during flexion of the forearm
51
At the proximal end of the head of the radius is what?
Fovea, on superior surface of the head
52
What does the fovea of the radius articulate with?
capitulum of the humerus
53
Where does the radial tuberosity lie?
intermediate to the neck of the radius and the shaft of the radius
54
Where is the interosseous border for the radius?
Medial
55
Where is the interosseous border for the ulna?
lateral
56
What attaches to the interosseous border of the radius + ulna?
interosseous membrane
57
Is the styloid process of the radius on the proximal or distal end?
distal
58
Where does the ulnar notch of the radius lie in relation to the styloid process of the radius?
medial
59
Where do the tendons of the long extensor muscles lie?
dorasally on the radius are grooves for tendons of the long extensor muscles
60
What is the dorsal tubercle also known as?
listers tubercle
61
Where is the dorsal tubercle of the radius?
lies on dorsal surface of the distal end of the radius
62
What is the pronator tubercle of the radius?
a shallow projection thats an attachment site of pronator teres muscle on the lateral surface of radius
63
What is the olecranon of the ulna? Where does it lie on the ulna?
a hook like process that has a roughed surface, lies on the proximal end of the ulna
64
What is the trochelar notch of the ulna?
extends anteriorly from the olecranon to the coronoid process
65
Where does the radial notch lie in relation to the trochlear notch of the ulna?
laterally
66
What does the radial notch of the ulna articulate with?
circumference of the head of the radius
67
Does the ulnar head and styloid process of the ulna lie distally or proximally?
distally
68
How many carpal bones?
8
69
What are the proximal row of the carpal bones (lateral to medial?
scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
70
What are the distal row of carpal bones (lateral to medial?
trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
71
What is the largest carpal bone?
scaphoid, in proximal row
72
What is the most fractured carpal bone?
scaphoid
73
Which carpal bone is a sesamoid bone/smallest?
pisiform
74
What is the carpal arch made of?
carpal bones
75
How many metacarpals on each hand?
5
76
Describe the metacarpal bons (3 points)
- each has a head, shaft, base - base has articular facet for articulation with carpals - head had articular facet for articulation with phalanges
77
How many phalanges per finger? What is the exception?
3 phalanges per finger (proximal, middle, distal) thumb only has 2 (proximal, distal)
78
Each phalange has:
shaft, head and base
79
The distal end of of the distal phalanx has a ______________
tuberosity

MSAK-1 (19 decks)

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