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OTC Therapy > Scaly Dermatosis > Flashcards

Scaly Dermatosis Flashcards

1
Q

What layer of the skin is involved in scaly dermatosis?

A

Epidermis

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2
Q

What are the 3 chronic cases of scaly dermatoses?

A
  1. Dandruff
  2. Seborrhea
  3. Psoriasis
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3
Q

Of the 3 chronic cases of scaly dermatosis, OTC products can be used for…?

A

Dandruff and seborrhea

Psoriasis may respond to OTC, however you still need an initial diagnosis and management by a DR

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4
Q

At what age does dandruff peak at? When does it start?

A

Early adulthood

Puberty

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5
Q

What season is dandruff less severe?

A

During the summer

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6
Q

What fungus causes dandruff?

A

Yeast Malassezia

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7
Q

How is dandruff exacerbated?

A

Stress + cold temperatures

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8
Q

What is the pathophysiology behind dandruff?

A

Increased cell turnover and irregular keratin breakup which causes shedding white scales (crevice occurs at corneum)

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9
Q

What is the first line treatment for dandruff?

A

Hair washing w/ non-medicated shampoo

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10
Q

What is the second line treatment for dandruff?

A

Medicated shampoos (contact time is key)

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11
Q

When should you see the PCP on dandruff pts?

A

If resistant after 4-8 weeks

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12
Q

What do DHS-Zn, Selsun Blue, and Nizoral have in common?

A

They are agents that suppress Malassezia

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13
Q

What does coal tar do for dandruff?

A

Decreases cell turnover rate (can discolor hair, clothes, etc)

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14
Q

What’s wrong with using keratolytic shampoos on dandruff?

A

Longer treatment with limited efficacy

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15
Q

What is seborrhea?

A

Subacute / chronic inflammation that involves sebaceous glands

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16
Q

Who has a higher chance of getting seborrhea, males or females?

A

Males

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17
Q

How often does seborrhea show up in adults?

A

1-3%

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18
Q

What is the normal cell turnover rate?

A

25-30 days

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19
Q

What is the turnover rate in dandruff?

A

13-15 days

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20
Q

What is the turnover rate in seborrhea?

A

9-10 days

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21
Q

How can you exacerbate seborrhea?

A

Emotional stress

22
Q

What season makes seborrhea worse?

A

Winter

23
Q

What is the main physical symptoms in seborrhea?

A

Dull, yellow, greasy scales with erythema, v-shaped chest and back areas

24
Q

With seborrhea, what is common in infants?

A

Cradle cap

25
Q

How long can seborrhea last?

A

Years

26
Q

Can you cure seborrhea?

A

No, but can be managed

27
Q

How would you treat seborrhea in infants?

A

Massage scalp with baby oil, follow directions on non medicated shampoo

28
Q

How would you treat seborrhea in adults?

A

Use shampoo,

If it last more than 7 days, then refer to PCP

29
Q

What is the most severe form of scaly dermatoses?

A

Psoriasis

30
Q

Who is more likely to get psoriasis, males or females?

A

Equal distribution

31
Q

In terms of race, who is not likely to get psoriasis?

A

African and Native Americans, Asians

32
Q

When does seborrhea in infants usually resolve w/o treatment?

A

8-12 months

33
Q

What is Type 1 psoriasis?

A

Early age with family history

34
Q

What is Type 2 psoriasis?

A

Later in life w/o family history

35
Q

What can trigger psoriasis?

A

Environment, drugs, endocrine changes, drugs, infections, stress

36
Q

What is the cell turnover in psoriasis?

A

4 days

37
Q

What is the most common form of psoriasis?

A

Plaque psoriasis (90%)

38
Q

What is the pathophysiology behind psoriasis?

A

Epidermal proliferation, which results in excessive scaling on raised plaques

39
Q

What body part is psoriasis common in?

A

Elbows, knees, back, scalp, ears, and genitals

40
Q

How do the lesions in psoriasis look like?

A

Well circumscribed, light pink to red/maroon

41
Q

What are the exclusions for all scaly dermatoses?

A
  1. <2 yrs old
  2. No improvement after 2 weeks of treatment
  3. For psoriasis, >5% of body surface area
42
Q

For scaly dermatosis, which is better, ointment or cream?

A

Ointment

43
Q

What are the adverse effects of topical hydrocortisone?

A

Thins skin w/ prolonged use

Possible local skin infections

44
Q

How could you enhance the activity of hydrocortisone on psoriasis?

A

Wait 30 minutes after application then apply emollients (petrolatum)

45
Q

What is the OTC and RX % strength of Selenium Sulfide?

A

OTC: 1%
RX: 2.5%

46
Q

What is the Selenium Sulfide’s MOA?

A

Decrease yeast count as it binds to hair and skin

47
Q

How long should you leave medicated shampoo on?

A

3-5 minutes

48
Q

What is an adverse effect of selenium sulfide?

A

Hair discoloration if you dont rinse thoroughly

49
Q

What is Coal Tar’s MOA?

A

Cross-link with DNA and stops skin cell proliferation

50
Q

What is Keratolytic agent’s MOA?

A

Contains salicyclic acid and sulfur to loosen and lyse keratin and helps remove the stuff off the scalp

Dissolves the “cement” between the cells

51
Q

What is Ketoconazole’s adverse effects?

A

Hair loss
Abnormal hair texture
Dry skin

52
Q

Sulfur can only be used to treat…?

A

Dandruff

OTC Therapy (43 decks)

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