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OTC Therapy > Diarrhea > Flashcards

Diarrhea Flashcards

1
Q

What is diarrhea?

A
  1. Increase in stool frequency, liquidity, or weight

2. More than 3 bowel movements/day

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2
Q

Symptoms less than 14 days

Acute
Persistent
Chronic

A

Acute

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3
Q

Symptoms from 14 days to 4 weeks

Acute
Persistent
Chronic

A

Persistent

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4
Q

Symptoms that last more than 4 weeks

Acute
Persistent
Chronic

A

Chronic

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5
Q

Should refer to PCP

Acute
Persistent
Chronic

A

Persistent & Chronic

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6
Q

Usually self-limiting and eligible for self-care

Acute
Persistent
Chronic

A

Acute

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7
Q

Viral infections are the main culprit to diarrhea (T/F)

A

False; both viral and bacterial infections

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8
Q

Rotavirus usually affects…?

A

Infants + children

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9
Q

Norovirus usually affects…?

A

Adults

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10
Q

Osmotic vs secretory diarrhea

Which one causes flow of electrolytes + fluids into intestinal lumen?

A

Secretory

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11
Q

Osmotic vs secretory diarrhea

Which one includes unabsorbed solutes in lumen and leads to brush border damage?

A

Osmotic

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12
Q

Exclusions to self-treatment

Age?

A

<6 months, any severity

<2 yrs, moderate diarrhea

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13
Q

When should sport drinks be given?

A

> 5 yrs old

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14
Q

Why is having cola, ginger ale, apple juice, sport drinks not recommended for children under 6?

A

Too high in carbs and low in sodium

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15
Q

Is tea appropriate for young children?

A

Nope, too low in sodium

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16
Q

Is chicken broth appropriate for young children?

A

Nope, too high in sodium

17
Q

Why kind of diet should you avoid?

A
  1. BRAT (bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast)

2. Fatty foods, simple sugar, caffeine

18
Q

MOA of Loperamide?

A

Stimulates peripheral micro-opiod receptors of intestinal circular muscles to slow intestinal motility, which allows absorption of electrolytes and water

19
Q

At what age is Loperamide not recommended?

A

<6 yrs old

20
Q

Loperamide
Pepto-Bismol
Digestive Enzymes

Indicated for afebrile pt w/ acute/traveler’s diarrhea or chronic diarrhea associated w/ IBS

A

Loperamide

21
Q

Loperamide
Pepto-Bismol
Digestive Enzymes

AE = Life-threatening ileus and toxic megacolon (children)

A

Loperamide

22
Q

Loperamide
Pepto-Bismol
Digestive Enzymes

Not recommended in food poisoning

A

Loperamide

23
Q

Loperamide
Pepto-Bismol
Digestive Enzymes

Initial dose = 4, then 2mg after each loose stool. Dont exceed 8mg/day

A

Loperamide

24
Q

What is the dosing of Loperamide?

A

4mg initially, 2mg after each loose stool, dont exceed 8mg

6-8yrs = 2mg initially, then 1mg, dont exceed 4mg

9-11yrs = same dose as 6-8, but dont exceed 6mg

25
Q

Loperamide
Pepto-Bismol
Digestive Enzymes

MOA = direct antimicrobial effects against E. Coli and anti-secretory effects

A

Pepto-Bismol

26
Q

MOA of Pepto-Bismol?

A

Bismuth = antimicrobial effect against E. Coli

Salicylate = anti-secretory effect

27
Q

What age is appropriate for Pepto-Bismol?

A

≥12 yrs old

28
Q

Loperamide
Pepto-Bismol
Digestive Enzymes

AE = black stool (harmless) + darkening of the tongue

A

Pepto-Bismol

29
Q

Loperamide
Pepto-Bismol
Digestive Enzymes

MOA = stimulates peripheral micro-opiod receptors to slow intestinal motility and allow absorption

A

Loperamide

30
Q

Dosing of PeptoI-Bismol?

A

525mg every 30-60min

Do not exceed 4200mg

31
Q

Loperamide
Pepto-Bismol
Digestive Enzymes

Prevents osmotic diarrhea

A

Digestive enzymes

32
Q

Loperamide
Pepto-Bismol
Digestive Enzymes

Used to prevent traveler’s diarrhea?

A

Pepto-Bismol

33
Q

Loperamide
Pepto-Bismol
Digestive Enzymes

Just indicated for acute diarrhea and traveler’s diarrhea

A

Pepto-Bismol

34
Q

Probiotics are useful in (rotavirus/norovirus)

A

rotavirus

OTC Therapy (43 decks)

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