Eye Disorders Flashcards
As much as 90% of the dose can be lost due to what?
Lost to drainage and tears falling down the cheek
Corneal stroma vs corneal epithelium, which is lipid soluble?
Corneal epithelium
Corneal stroma vs corneal epithelium, which is water soluble?
Corneal stroma
Corneal stroma vs corneal epithelium, which is the outer most layer?
Corneal epithelium
Corneal stroma vs corneal epithelium, which is the inner most layer?
Corneal stroma
What part of the eye comprises the Uveoscleral tract
- Sclera
- Choroid
- Cililary body
The trabecular meshwork is located at the junction of the _____ and _____
cornea and iris
Closed angle glaucoma occurs when ________ is blocked
Trabecular meshwork
Which chamber maintains normal IOP?
Anterior chamber
Which chamber is filled with aqueous humor?
Anterior chamber
Macular degeneration occurs where?
Pigment epithelium
What kinds of RX can cause dry eyes, sensation of something in eye, etc?
- Antihistamines
- Antidepressants
- Decongestants
- Diuretics
- Beta-blockers
What vitamin supplements can you use to treat dry eyes?
- Omega-3 FA
- Fish oil
- Flax seed oil
What are some non-pharmacologic tips to treat dry eyes?
- WARM compress
2. Eyelid hygiene
What does hydroxypropyl methylcellulose or carboxymethylcellulose provides for dry eyes?
Viscosity
What does polyvinyl alcohol provide for dry eyes?
Vehicle
What lubricating drop that contains multiple product would you recommend for dry eyes?
Systane Eyedrops
When administering eyedrops, how long do you need to wait before the second drop? Apply eye ointment?
5 min for next drop
10 min for eye ointment
What is the first line treatment for allergic conjunctivitis?
Artificial tears
What are some other treatments (besides artificial tears) for allergic conjunctivitis?
- COOL compress (3-4 times daily)
2. Antihistamine + Congestion RX
How many days should you limit decongestant RX on allergic conjunctivitis?
3 days
What are some random exclusions for allergic conjunctivitis?
- Hyperthyroidism
- > 3 days w/o relief
- Rebound congestion
What are some symptoms of corneal edema?
Halos and starbursts around lights
What kind of formulation should you use for corneal edema?
Hyperosmotic (Muro-128 2% or 5%)
What time of day is best to use ointment on the eye?
Bedtime
If there is a minor irritation in the eye, you should use what kind of eye drops?
Drops w/ Zinc Sulfate
What kind of lenses are regulated via FDA?
Soft + Gas permeable (class II)
Moving from low to high altitudes with lenses cause ________
Corneal edema
Using oral contraceptives with lenses causes _________
Corneal edema
Myopia
Hyperopia
Presbyopia
Astigmatism
Which one is farsightedness?
Hyperopia
Myopia
Hyperopia
Presbyopia
Astigmatism
Which one is a loss of lens elasticity due to aging?
Presbyopia
Myopia
Hyperopia
Presbyopia
Astigmatism
Which one has a dissimilar curve of refractory eye surface?
Astigmatism
For astigmatism, what kind of lens should you use?
Gas permeable or toric soft lenses
What is the pH of normal tears?
7.4
What kind of lenses are the greatest risk for most devastating consequences??
Soft contact lenses
What is the most crucial step in soft contact lens care?
Disinfect
Thimerosal
Benzalkonium chloride
Edetate disdoium/Sorbic Acid
Which is a potent antiseptic?
Thimerosal
Thimerosal
Benzalkonium chloride
Edetate disdoium/Sorbic Acid
Which one is commonly used in saline and may cause discoloration (yellow) of lens?
Edetate disodium/Sorbic Acid
Thimerosal
Benzalkonium chloride
Edetate disdoium/Sorbic Acid
Which one is concentrated on the lens and acts as a slow release reservoir into tear layer?
Benzalkonium chloride
Any open container of lens care product that is used daily must be disposed of and replaced every ________ to prevent contamination
3 months
Polyquaternium-1
Polyhexamethylene biguanide
Which one is effective for certain bacteria, fungi, and yeast?
Polyquaternium-1
Polyquaternium-1
Polyhexamethylene biguanide
Which one is only effective for certain bacteria and yeast?
Polyhexamethylene biguanide
What is the most common disinfection method of cleaning lens?
Using multipurpose solution (store overnight 4-6 hours)
When should you use hydrogen peroxide for cleaning lens?
If you’re sensitive to multipurpose solution
What can you use to clean lens if you’re sensitive to multipurpose solution?
Hydrogen peroxide
What’s wrong with using household hydrogen peroxide for cleaning lenses?
pH is too low and can discolor lens
What are the only approved FDA systems to clean with silicone hydrogel materials?
Clear Care + Peroxi-Clear
What are the disadvantages of multipurpose solutions?
- Preservatives can cause irritations
- Linked to outbreaks of corneal infections
- Replace opened container after 3 months
