SB5k Antibiotics+Core practical

Question 1

What was the first antibiotic discovered?

Answer 1

penicillin.

Question 2

What do anitbiotics do?

Answer 2

they kill or inhibit bacteria by stopping them growing or reproducing.

Question 3

Why do antibiotics have no effect on human cells?

Answer 3

we have different enzymes to bacteria and bacteria have cell walls

Question 4

How do antibiotics work?

Answer 4

.different bacteria have different structures so respond to antibiotics in different ways

.some break down the cell wall, cauing cell lysis and death
.others inhibit enzymes needed for DNA replication, preventing the cell from dividing

Question 5

What are the problems with antibiotics? (2)

Answer 5

.resistance means bacteria are no longer harmed by the antibiotic
.people can have side effects

Question 6

Stages of antibiotic development (5)

Answer 6

.pre-clinical - drug tested on cells or tissues in lab
.animal testing - ensures drug does not cause harm to host
.small clinical trial - given to healthy people, tests for side effects
.large clinical trial - given to people with disease, work out dose and test for side effects
.ready for prescription