SB5d Pathogens+SB5e Spreading pathogens

Question 1

Pathogens?

Answer 1

disease causing micro-organisms.

Question 2

What are pathogens caused by? (4)

Answer 2

bacteria, viruses, protists, fungi.

Question 3

What kind of diseases are ones caused by pathogens?

Answer 3

communicable diseases.

Question 4

What does cholera cause?

Answer 4

.diarrhoea
.caused by the bacterium vibrio cholerae

Question 5

What does tuberculosis cause?

Answer 5

.lung damage
.caused by bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 6

What does chalara ash dieback cause?

Answer 6

.leaf loss and bark lesions
.caused by a fungus known as chalara

Question 7

What does maleria cause?

Answer 7

.damage to blood and liver
.caused by a protist called plasmodium which multiplies inside red blood cells and liver cells

Question 8

What does HIV cause?

Answer 8

.destroys white bloood cells leading to the onset of AIDS

Question 9

What are stomach ulcers caused by?

Answer 9

.an infection of helicobacter pylori bacteria
.or from taking anti-inflammatory medicine (eg ibuprofen)

Question 10

What does ebola cause?

Answer 10

.haemorrhagic fever
.breakdown of blood vessels, liver and kidney cells

Question 11

How cholera is spread and can be prevented?

Answer 11

.water
.drink clean water

Question 12

How is tuberculosis spread and can be prevented?

Answer 12

.airborne
.when sick where mask

Question 13

How is chalara ash dieback spread and can be prevented?

Answer 13

.airborne
.can’t be prevented as spores are too small

Question 14

How is malaria spread and can be prevented?

Answer 14

.animal vectors
.destroy the vector that carries them (mosquito can be killed using pesticides/net)

Question 15

How are stomach ulcers spread and can be prevented?

Answer 15

.oral transmission
.get tested when suffering symptoms/washing hands after going to the toilet

Question 16

How is ebola spread and can be prevented?

Answer 16

.bodily fluids
.wash hands/wear mask/social distance