SB1g+h Enzyme action +activity Flashcards

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1
Q

How are enzymes designed?

A

so that they only react with one substrate.

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2
Q

Active site?

A

holds the substrate molecules tightly in the right position for bonds to form between them and make a product molecule.

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3
Q

What happens to the product molecule?

A

it is released from the active site because it has a slightly different shape to the substrate molecule and no longer fits tightly.

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4
Q

What are enzymes affected by?

A

temperature and pH.

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5
Q

What is a denatured enzyme?

A

enzyme with a deformed active site so substrate no longer fits.

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6
Q

What is the optimum pH?

A

the pH that allows for maximum functioning of enzymes.

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7
Q

What happens at pH below and above the optimum?

A

the shape of the active site is affected and so the enzyme does not work well.

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8
Q

What happens at low substrate concentration?

A

many enzyme molecules have empty active sites so the rate of reaction is slow.

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9
Q

What happens at high substrate concentration?

A

most enzyme active sites contain substrate molecules and the rate of reaction is as fast as it can be.

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10
Q

Explain the effect increasing temperature would have on enzyme activity?

A

sharp decrease in activity past 40degrees.

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11
Q

Describe how the active site works in an enzyme? (2)

A

.the active site is where the substrate of the enzyme fits, every enzyme has a specific shape.
.this is where the substrate is broken down.

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12
Q

Explain the role of enzymes as catalysts in digestion is important for life.

A

They are biological catalysts that increase the rate of reaction, so larger food molecules are broken down and absorbed quickly.

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