Salivary Gland Disease Flashcards
Localised an diffuse swellings can be?
Acute and chronic
What are the causes of swelling of salivary glands?
Intermittent
Persistent : localise and diffuse
What is an example of an intermittent discrete swelling?
Minor salivary gland extravasion cyst
Ranula
What is a ranula?
This is a mucocele from the sublingual and SM glands which is 2-3 cm in diameter in the FOM
Soft fluctuant and bluish
What are examples of intermittent diffuse swellings?
Meal Time syndrome
Calculus
Stricture
How do you manage calculus?
If symptoms 1/2 a year do nothing
Basket restirval: needs to br mobile and small
Surgical removal:when in distal third of duct via intro oral approach
Surgical removal of gland
What is recurrent sialedenitis? Where is it most common?
This is actute infection of the major salivary gland
Parotid
What predisposes of recurrent sialedenitis?
Calculi
Strictures
Xerostomia (sjorgen, diabetes, dehydrations, radiotherapy)
Recurrent parotitis of childhood
What is an actute persistent swelling of salivary gland?
Mumps
What causes mumps?
Paramyxovirus
T/F mumps may involve other salivary glands?
T
What is an example of a chronic diffuse swelling of salivary glands?
Sailosis Sjorgen Immunodef Sarcoidosis Masseteric hyoertrohy
What percentage of people with sjorgen develop lymphoma? And why type is it!
Maltoma
5%
What is the cause of salivary swelling in HIV?
Bilateral lymphoepithelual lesions
Lymphoma
In sarcoidosis which salivary glands are morse commonly swollen?
SM more than parotid
When would you consider masseteric hyoertrohy?
When the position of the hilum Of more the. 15-18mm lateral to outer cerebral cortex
What percentage of salivary gland tumours are in parotid?
80%
85% benign
75% pleiomorphoc adenoma
15% malignant
What percentage of tumours are in minor salivary gland? And what percentage are malignant?
10%
45% malignant
What percentage of tumours occur in sublingual and what percentage are malignant?
0.3%
86%malognant
What percentage of tumours occur in submandibular glands and what percentage are malignant?
12%
30% malignant
What are the feature of a malignant salivary gland neoplasm?
Sometimes Fast growing Sometimes Harder consistentcy Usually minor glands and SL Maybe fixed May ulcerate May cause cranial nerve palsy
What age group and gender are most salivary neosplasms seen in?
Older
Female
What are the predisposing factors to salivary gland neoplasm?
Breast cancer
What are the features of a benign tumour?
Slow growing Soft rubbery 85% parotid tumours benign Do not ulcerated No cranial nerve palsy
What are the most common causes of dry mouth?
Systemic disease
Drugs
Mouth breathing
Psychosocial causes
What is the management for dry mouth?
Artificial saliva Xylitol contains gels eg biotene Topical sialogogic mediation Systemic sialogogic medication eg pilocarpine Fluorides
Which syemtic disease is associated with hypo salivation?
Diabetes
Chronic kidney disease
COPD
What is the effect of radiotherapy on salivary glands?
Radiation indices inflammation of glandular tissue and fibrosis
What are the causes of halitosis?
Oral biofilm Dry mouth Starvation Smoking Drugs Diabetes GI Hepatic Renal Resp and nasal
Which chemical cause halitosis?
VSC
Short chain fatty acids
Polyamines
