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Oral Med > Neck Lumps > Flashcards

Neck Lumps Flashcards

1
Q

How can neck lumps be broadly classified in terms of malignancy?

A

Benign or malignant

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2
Q

What are causes of malignant neck lumps?

A

Salivary gland
Lymphoma
Metastatic
Thyroid

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3
Q

What are the causes of benign neck lumps?

A 
Salivary gland
Infection
Thyroid nodule
congenital
Lymphoid
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4
Q

What does the term regional neck lump examination?

A

Neck lumps may be midline or laterally on the neck

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5
Q

What does a neck lump laterally more likely indicate?

A

Parotid gland
Lymph node
Muscles

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6
Q

What does a midline neck lump more likely indicate?

A

thyroid

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7
Q

What investigations would you do for neck lumps?

A 
radiologial
blood
microbiology
serology
cytology
histology
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8
Q

What blood tests would you do?

A

Full blood count
LFT
Thryoid function tests
specific antibodies

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9
Q

What cytological and histoloical investigations would you do?

A 
FNAC
Trucut
Cell blocks
Imprint cytology
open biopsy
resection
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10
Q

What are the causes of congenital neck lumps?

A 
Lymphangioma
Dermoid cyst
Thryoglossal cyst
Branchial cyst
Pharyngeal pouch
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11
Q

What is a lymphangioma?

A

A harmatoma or benign neoplasm of lymphatic channels that presnets as a colourless and occasoionally nodular mass

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12
Q

Why do lymphangiomas occasionally undergo purplish dicolouration?

A

bleeding into the lymphatic spaces

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13
Q

What can lymphangiomas cause on the tongue?

A

Macroglossia

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14
Q

What can lymphangiomas cause on the lip?

A

Macrochelia

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15
Q

WHat is a dermoid cyst?

A

a rare developmental cyst that develops in the midline of the FOM. It is doughy

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16
Q

What is a differential diagnois for a dermoid cyst?

A

Ranula

cystic hygroma

17
Q

How do you diagnose and treat a dermoid cyst?

A

aspiration

surgical removal is managment

18
Q

What is a thyroglossal duct cyst?

A

this cyst arises from the remnants of the thryoglossal duct and is found in the midline anywhere between the thyroid gland and the tongue.

19
Q

What is the thryoglossal duct?

A

this is an embryological anatomical structure forming an open connection between the initial area of development of the thyroid gland and its final position

20
Q

How is lymphoma classified?

A

Hodgkin vs Non Hodgkin

21
Q

Which type of Lymphoma is most common?

A

NHL

22
Q

What are the traumatic cause of neck lumps?

A

Aneurysm
Dissection
Heamatoma
Air emphysema

23
Q

What are the infective causes of neck lumps?

A

Bacteria: odontogenic infection, syphilis
Viral: cat scratch, viral resp infection
Protozoa: toxoplasmosis

24
Q

What are the inflammatory causes of neck lumps?

A

Sialadentitis

Sarcoidosis

Felty syndrome

25
Q

When would you do surgery for the neck lump?

A 
Large mass>5cm
Retro sterna,
Cancer risk
Compression 
Endocrine
26
Q

Tender lymph nodes, soft and discrete suggest what?

A

Inflammation

27
Q

Chronic infections give what type of lymph node?

A

Firm

28
Q

Malignant lymph nodes are?

A

Firm
Increasing in size
Fixed

29
Q

Matted or rubbery lymph modes suggest what?

A

Leukaemia

30
Q

Diffuse neck swelling is caused by?

A

Infection
Oedema
Heamatoma
Surgical emphysema

31
Q

In which neck triangle are most diseases detected ?

A

Anterior because nodes in this site drain most of the head and neck

32
Q

What are the acquired causes of neck lumps?

A 
Trauma
Inefective
Inflam
Iatrogenic
Neoplasm
Metabolic
Automminume 
n

Oral Med (31 decks)

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