Salivary Gland and Saliva formation

Question 1

there are ____ pairs of salivary glands that produce the majority of our saliva

Answer 1

3 pairs

Question 2

parotid ductt is called _____. it leaves te gland and pierces through fat and muscle to open into the mouth across from the second upper molar

Answer 2

stenson’s duct

Question 3

submandibular duct is called _______. opens just under the tongue in the floor of the mouth

Answer 3

wharton’s duct

Question 4

the average volume of saliva secreted in a 24 hr period is

Answer 4

1-1.5 liters

*most of which is secreted during meals

Question 5

begins carbohydrate digestion and is inactivated by low pH

Answer 5

alpha amylase

Question 6

begins lipid digestion by converting triglycerides to fatty acids and monoglycerides

Answer 6

lipase

Question 7

important in bolus formation and swallowing food being ingested

Answer 7

mucin

Question 8

is secreted by the HCO3-/Cl- exchanger that helps maintain a neutral pH in gland and mouth

Answer 8

HCO3-

Question 9

taken up by various transporters/channels

Answer 9

Na+

Question 10

salivary fluid is largely dependent upon _______ signaling from parasympathetic nerves while the protein content of saliva is by sympathetic nerves releasing of _______

Answer 10

salivary fluid is largely dependent upon cholinergic signaling from parasympathetic nerves while the protein content of saliva is by sympathetic nerves releasing of norepinephrine

Question 11

reflex salivary gland secretion due to positive conditioning

Answer 11

nausea

Question 12

ion concentration along the gland/duct

Answer 12

starts off isotonic in the acinus and becomes hypotonic

as water is lost through aquaporins channels it maintains isotonicity but then as it reaches the duct, AQP are lost and no longer water following ions

Question 13

the majority of salivary ductal cells do not express AQP channels and are impermanent to water. without this feature it would be impossible to produce hypotonic saliva

Answer 13

yep

Question 14

sodium removal from saliva by ductal epithelial cells is effected by the

Answer 14

flow rate

Question 15

GI hormones play a role in the regulation of salivary secretion

Answer 15

nope

Question 16

parasympathetic stimulation results in increased/decreased secretion of fluid and ions

Answer 16

increased

Question 17

sympathetic stimulation increases/decreases fluid, ion and protein secretion but what?

Answer 17

increases but is a minor contributor to increase in fluid volume

Question 18

purely serous salivary gland

Answer 18

parotid gland

Question 19

mixed but predominantly serous

Answer 19

submandibular gland

Question 20

mixed but predominantly mucous

Answer 20

sublingual gland

Question 21

major saliva contribution when unstimulated

Answer 21

submandibular gland at 69%

Question 22

major saliva contribution when stimulated

Answer 22

parotid gland at 69%