Bile

Question 1

the major component of bile is

Answer 1

Bile salts at 61%

bilirubin makes up 3%

Question 2

high bilirubin is common to see in

Answer 2

children due to that it takes some time after birth for an infant to start efficiently metabolizing bilirubin and excreting it in their stool

Question 3

cholic acid has

Answer 3

5 charged groups

Question 4

bile acids are _______ contain a hydrophilic and hydriphobic face

Answer 4

amphipathic

Question 5

cholic and chenodeoxycholic bile acids are synthesized in the ______ from cholesterol they are known as

Answer 5

synthesized in the liver and known as primary bile acids

Question 6

primary bile acids can be modified in the gut to form secondary bile acids by

Answer 6

bacteria

Question 7

bile salts are synthesized from _______ in the liver

Answer 7

cholesterol

Question 8

in the distal ileum bile acids are taken up by the enterocytes by 2 methods

Answer 8

1. sodium dependent symporter
2. diffusion across the cell membrane using the hydrophobic surface of the bile acids to fuse with the lipid of the cell membrane

Question 9

between meals most bile secreted by the liver is stored and concentrated in the gallbladder… is the sphincter of oddi close?

Answer 9

yep

Question 10

eating causes contraction of the gallbladder by ____ and ______ and relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi

Answer 10

CCk and neural stimulation

Question 11

as the concentration of ions in the interstitial space increases s _____ flows out of the bile following the ion concentration gradient passively

Answer 11

water

this process concentrates gallbladder bile

Question 12

secretion of bicarb rich fluid by

Answer 12

cholangiocytes

Question 13

about 70% of gallstones are formed from

Answer 13

cholesterol

Question 14

cholelithiasis

Answer 14

formation of gallstones

Question 15

what is involved in micelle formation

Answer 15

bile acids