Safety security and emergency preparedness Flashcards
What are the 8 factors that affect safety?
- Developmental considerations- especially with children (what they can do). ex; cant sit up till 6 months
- Lifestyle- ex; rock climbing
Social Behavior- any high risk behaviors will affect their safety - Environment- ex: pollution
- Mobility- older patients have a risk for falls. Babies cant walk right away.
- Sensory perception- Neuro status (do they have numbness)
- Knowledge & Knowledge Base
- Ability to communicate- nonverbal patients
- Physical & Psychosocial health state
What are the 3 MAIN focuses of safety assessments?
The person- how are they, what meds are they on, etc
The environment- anything in their homes, communities, etc that can cause them harm.
Specific risk factors
What are 4 things to look/assess for during a nursing history?
- Assess for history of falls or accidents
- note assistive devices, like a wheelchair
- be alert for alcohol or drug abuse
- Obtain knowledge of family support systems
Physical Examination factors to assess: (6)
- Mobility status
- Ability to communicate
- Level of awareness or orientation
- Sensory perception
- Identify potential safety hazards
- Recognize domestic violence or neglect
What are 7 factors that contribute to falls?
- Lower body weakness (or any weakness)
- Poor vision
- Gait and/or balance loss
- Problems with feet/shoes
- Use of psychoactive meds
- Postural dizziness
- Hazards in the home and community
What are the 5 risk factor assessments?
Falls Fires Poisoning Suffocation and choking Firearm injuries
What are the patient outcomes for safety?
- identify real and potential unsafe situations
- Implement safety measures
- use resources for safety info
- Incorporate accident prevention practices into ADL’s (like having a bar to grab in the shower)
- Remain free of injury (MAIN GOAL)
What are 4 ways to get involved in health teaching in schools?
- monitor child’s use of internet
- get involved in school activities and ask questions
- volunteer for safety committees
- ensure that the school’s emergency preparedness plan is current.
What are the 5 Nursing Responsibilities to make sure a patient has at Home for Safety?
- fire extinguisher
- gate
- alarm
- car seat
- safety plastic outlet covers
What are the 4 safety devices to prevent falls with beds?
- top side rails up
- bed alarm on
- bed low and braked
- non-slip socks
What are some safety considerations for neonates?
- avoid behaviors that can harm the fetus. ex; smoking
- never leave the crib unattended
- use crib rails
- monitor setting for choking hazards
- use car seats properly
- handle infant by supporting head
- place infant on back to sleep
What are the safety considerations for toddlers/preschoolers?
- supervise child closely to prevent injury
- select appropriate toys
- use safety equipment in home
- never leave a child alone in the bathroom
- childproof the home
- be alert for child abuse
- use car seats properly
- teach about fire safety
What are the safety considerations for school-aged children?
- help to avoid dangerous activities
- provide interventions for safety at home, school, and neighborhood
- reinforce teaching about symptoms that require immediate attention
- continue immunizations
- teach bicycle safety
- teach about child abduction
- wear seatbelts
What are the 4 TOPICS for the indications of Concussions?
Physical: vomiting, headaches, fatigue, etc
Cognitive: mentally foggy, confusion, forgets recent activities, etc
Emotional: irritability, nervousness, very emotional behavior, etc
Sleep: drowsiness, difficulty falling asleep, sleeping more/less.
What are some safety considerations for adolescents?
- teach safe driving skills
- teach avoidance to tobacco and alcohol
- emphasize gun safety
- follow a healthy lifestyle
- teach about sexuality, STI’s, and birth control
- get a physical exam for sports
- teach risk of infection w tattoos and piercings
- teach about guns and violence
- discuss dangers associated with the internet
What are some safety considerations for adults?
- remind them of stress effects on life
- enroll in a defensive driving course !!!
- counsel about unsafe habits, like relying on drugs and alcohol
- evaluate workplace for safety
- counsel about domestic violence
What are some of the Safety Plans for Victims of Domestic Abuse?
- Safety while living with an abusive partner
- Safety planning with children (how to keep them safe)
- Safety planning for pets
- Safety planning during pregnancy
- Leaving a relationship safely
What is the ambularm device?
- It is worn on the leg
- Protects a patient with a fall risk
- Goes off if a patient tries to stand or if their leg is over the edge of the bed.
- Use these when we can’t restrain them
- these are very loud so someone can get to the bedside quick
What’re some safety considerations for older adults?
- Identify safety hazards in environment & modify if necessary
- defense driving courses
- encourage regular vision and hearing tests
- ensure hearing aids and eyeglasses are available/functioning.
- smoke detectors in home
- report any signs of neglect or abuse.
What are some safety improvement strategies relating to falls? (4)
- Preventing Falls Targeted Solutions Tool
- Falls Toolkit: Socks, blanket, wristbands
- Falls Prevention Training Program
- Root Cause Analysis: you write a report
What is the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model?
- a scale to determine how at risk for falls they are.
- Fall Scene Investigations
- Hourly patient rounding
- Root cause analysis
- Get up and go test
What does RACE stand for?
R- rescue anyone in danger
A- activate firm alarm
C- confine the fire by closing doors/windows
E- evacuate patients to a safe area
Safety Event Reports:
- must be completed after any accident or incident in a healthcare facility
- describes what happened
- details the patient’s response to the examination & treatment after the incident
- nurse completes this immediately after the incident
- Not part of medical record, not mentioned in documentation.
What are the 9 physiological hazards associated with restraints?
- Increased possibility of injury due to falls
- skin breakdown
- contractures
- Incontinence
- depression
- delirium
- anxiety
- aspiration and respiratory difficulties
- death
Contractures
a fixed tightening of muscle, tendons, ligaments, or skin
What are the 3 types of restraints?
- wrist restraint: use a slip knot
- elbow restraint: for children especially if they had facial surgery bc it keeps their hands away from the surgical site
- mummy restraint: for babies especially if we need to start an IV
