S2. Ch 24: Neurological System Flashcards
affects the ability of the central nervous system to control body movements as a result of impaired function of basal ganglia in the midbrain.
Parkinson’s Disease
___ is necessary for smooth motor movement and has a role in emotions.
Dopamine
Parkinson’s is more common in what gender?
Men
A finding in people with Parkinson’s disease compared with individuals who have other causes of tremors is the presence of ____, an intracellular inclusion body, in the brain.
the Lewy body
The death of substantia nigra cells within the basal ganglia leads to ___, which is responsible for the symptoms.
a significant reduction in dopamine
Some symptoms of Parkinson’s:
- drooling
- difficulty swallowing
- slow speech
- monotone voice
- skin is moist
- mask-like appearance
- Bradykinesia
- Poor balance
- appetite increases
- emotional instability
Temporary or intermittent neurological events that can result from any situation that reduces cerebral circulation
Transient ischemic attacks
the third leading cause of death and a major cause of disability in older adults.
CVA’s
Intellectual performance normally is maintained until the __ __ of life, and verbal skills may begin to show some declines after age ___.
- eighth decade
- 70.
Effects of Aging on nervous system:
- loss of nerve cell mass
- atrophy of the brain and spinal cord
- brain weight decreases
- number of dendrites declines
Demyelination of cells causes:
- slower nerve conduction
- response and reaction times are slower
- reflexes become weaker
there is a decrease in cerebral blood flow by ___%.
20
Fatty deposits accumulate in __.
blood vessels
intellectual performance is maintained until at least age ___.
80
verbal skills are maintained until age ___
70
their is a dulling of ___ due to aging
tactile sensation
there is also a decline in the function of the cranial nerves affecting ___.
taste and smell
Subtle Indications of Neurological Problems:
new headaches changes in vision sudden deafness/ringing in ears mood/personality changes altered cognition or LOC clumsiness/unsteady gait numbness/tingling in extremity unusual sensation or pain near nerve
Parkinson’s affects ability of CNS to control body movements because of:
impaired basal ganglia in mid-brain, they either die or become impaired
risk factors for neurons disorders:
smoking, obesity, hypertension, high cholesterol, ineffective stress management
preventive measures for neurological health:
maintain healthy weight, smoking sensation, maintain healthy cholesterol level, avoid head and spinal cord injuries
dopamines role:
smooth motor muscle movements
About __% of neurons are lost and this increases with age. Also seen more in men then women,
80
Cause of Parkinson’s disease?
unknown
