S2. Ch 25: Vision and Hearing Flashcards
One of the most significant areas of changes that occur with age is
vision
The reduced elasticity and stiffening of the muscle fibers of the lens of the eye begins in the
4th decade of life
Sensitivity to glare increases due to
cataract formation
reduces the ability to hear s, sh, f, ph, and w sounds and may cause speech to be inaudible or distorted, as can impacted cerumen, which is a common problem in older adults.
Presbycusis (age-related sensorineural hearing loss)
a clouding of the lens or its capsule that causes the lens to lose its transparency
Cataract
__ are the leading cause of low vision in older adults.
cataracts
Exposure to ___ increases the risk of developing cataracts, emphasizing the importance of wearing proper sunglasses to protect the eyes.
ultraviolet B
___ develops, causing the lens of the eye to become yellow or yellow-brown; eventually the color of the pupil changes from black to a cloudy white
Nuclear sclerosis
___ is a degenerative eye disease in which the optic nerve is damaged from an above-normal intraocular pressure (IOP).
Glaucoma
also called closed-angle or narrow-angle glaucoma, the patient experiences severe eye pain, headache, nausea, and vomiting.
Acute glaucoma
___, or open-angle, glaucoma is more common than acute glaucoma.
Chronic glaucoma
a forward displacement of the retina from its normal position against the choroid.
Detached retina
Inflammation of the cornea, accompanied by a loss of substance, causes the development of a ___, a problem more common in older adults than in younger-aged individuals.
corneal ulcer
a ringing or other sound in the ear that can be associated with age-related hearing loss, ear injury, medications, or cardiovascular disease.
tinnitus
Intact senses facilitate accurate perception of the ___
environment
a decreased ability to focus
presbyopia
Loss of photoreceptor cells in the retina causes:
- Light perception threshold decreases
- Dark and light adaptation takes longer
- Difficulty with vision at night
Effects of aging on vision:
- Loss of photoreceptor cells in the retina
- Increased sensitivity to glare
- Distortion in depth perception
- Peripheral vision reduced
Number of functioning taste buds decreased causing them to not be able to:
taste sweet and salty flavors
Decreased tactile sensation can cause them to:
- May not being able to feel pressure such as a shoe too tight causing a blister, they may not be able to feel that forming
- sets the stage for pressure ulcers