Safety and Protection Flashcards
how do you guard while ascending stairs with hand rails ? Descending?
stand to the side opp of rails and behind pt
- stand in front if pt is going down stairs
how do you guard while ascending stairs without hand rails ?Descending?
stand behind patient and slightly to affected side
–stand in front if pt is going down and slightly to affected side
how do you, as the PT, guard and position yourself to go up the stairs with a patient ?
keep wide BOS,
- stay static when theyre moving
- have 1 foot on same step as them the other one the step below
2 point gait pattern
each step is 1 point
Left crutch moves with R leg
3 point gait
AD follows injured LE
uninvolved side follows after
AD and 2 LE are the 2 points
4 point gait
LE are not moved at the same time as the AD as in 2 pint gait.
AD is placed on ground, then opp LE advances
Airborne precautions and disease
- evaporated droplets in air or dust particles
- private room with negative pressure
- 6-12 changes in room
- door is closed
- respiratory equipment is worn
pt wears mask for transport only when essential - measles, varicella, tuberculosis
Droplet precautions and disease
- contact of mucus membranes of mouth nose eyes by cough sneeze talk or suctioning
- requires close contact
- not suspended in air travels 3 feet or less
- private room or can share a room as long as no active infection
- 3 ftt distance
- open door is ok
- mask while within 3 feet
- limit pt travel outside room
- bacterial and viral diseases
contact precautions
direct or indirect contact via skin to skin
- private room or share as long as no active infection
- gloves in room, off when out and on with direct contact
- gown is in close contact
- GI, resp ski infections, MRSA, C-Diff, E-coli, shingles, Hep A,Flu, herpes, diptheria, herpes, impetigo, pediculos, scabies, ebola
what are workstation recommendations
18 to 20 inch monitor adjustable monitor to tilt and angle split keyboard adjustable keyboard feet monitor display 10° below horizontal monitor 20 inches away from eyes 360° swivel chair wrist rest at match front edge of keyboard Hands-free telephone contoured mouse to hand 3 sec exercise break every hour at desk Space under desk at least 30 inches wide 19 inches deep 27 inches high. 2 to 3 inches between thighs and desk
What should be done to a chemical burn? What should be done to a thermal burn? Electrical burn?
chemical: Dilute substance, or is powder brush pff
Thermal: run under cool water, if large area- dotn incase of hypothermia.
Electrical: check HR, RR, cardiac arrest
- remove clothing/ jewlery around burn unless embeded in wound bed
- extensive bruns involvings large area, hands, feet perineum or respiratory system get help
If a patient is presenting signs of a concussion when are they allowed to return to physical activity
After being cleared by medical professional
When should EMS be called after a patient has sustained a concussion and presents with which symptoms
Extreme drowsiness loss of consciousness headache that does not improve 1 pupil larger than the other- (anisocoria) slurred speech weakness numbness loss of coordination repeated vomiting/nausea convulsions or seizures increasing confusion relentlessness agitation
Different symptoms of heat exhaustion and heat stroke
Both: nausea headache
Heat exhaustion: profuse sweating moist and pale skin dizziness muscle cramp weakness rapid shallow breathing weak rapid pulse
Heat stroke: Dry skin flushed skin elevated temp pupil diameter contrix or dilation strong rapid pulse AMS/LOC
DO NOT GIVE SALT TABLETS, electrolytes okay
How should you treat frostbite and hypothermia
EMS should be contacted for hypothermia below 95°.
Warm core before distal extremities.
Frostbite: immerse in warm not hot water. Dont massage 2/2 tissue damage
Hypoglycemia signs and symptoms
Pale/moist skin rapid heart rate shallow breathing dizzy headache altered vision hunger excited/agitated behavior confusion/seizure LOC.
Signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia
- Thirst
- frequent urination
- glucose in urine
If left untreated > Ketoacidosis: includes fruity smelling breath, deep labored breathing, nausea and vomiting, dry tongue
When should EMS be called for a laceration that does not stop bleeding
EMS should be called if cut is bleeding severely, blood spurting out or if bleeding does not stop after 10 minutes of steady pressure
What is the procedure for a child who is choking or has a airwaves obstruction
Under the age of 1: placed in prone recumbent position over forearm with head below feet.
-4 forceful blows to the interscapular region with heel of head, child is turned over 4 thrust to lower sternal with 2 fingers.
How should the patient be treated with orthostatic hypotension
Laying in supine with feet above head
Pulmonary embolism signs and symptoms
SOB Cough occasionally with a bloody sputum chest pain worsened by deep breathing lightheadedness/dizziness tachypnea rapid/irregular heart rate fever diaphoresis anxious behavior cyanosis clammy skin leg pain and swelling
what are signs of shock
rapid weak pulse
hypotension
what are signs of a stroke ?
drooping and numbness of face weakness of arm slurred speech altered vision headache dizzy lack of coordination confusion LOC
when should a slide board transfer be performed?
when a pt has some sitting balance, some UE strength and can follow directions
- therapist stands in front
