SA GI Task Review Seminar Flashcards
List 6 intrinsic risk factors for GDV
Breed
Body shape
Age, BCS, gender
Relative with a history of GDV
Anxious temperament
Gastric motility disorders
List 4 extrinsic risk factors for GDV
Diet
Eating rapidly
Exercise
Time of year
Define dilation
the act of stretching a cavity or orifice
What is dilatation?
Something that is stretched beyond its normal dimensions.
Define volvulus
Abnormal twisting causing an obstruction
Where does ischaemic necrosis first occur in a GDV?
Gastric fundus (spreads to gastric cardia with time)
What does of a fluid bolus should you give to a dog with moderate compromise due to a GDV?
20-25ml/kg over 15 mins
Why will gastric decompression help with cardiovascular stabilisation?
Remove obstructive component of shock.
What are two methods of gastric decompression?
Oro-gastric
Percutaenous (trocarisation)
What are the three compenents of GDV surgery that are vital for success?
Gastric decompression and respositioning
Assessment of viability of abdominal organs and resection of devitalised tissue
Performs gastropexy
How often should you check the bloods of a patient with GDV?
30-60 minutes
Which incision should you make for gastric deompression and repositioning?
Ventral
How much time should you leave after repositioning to allow for assessment of gastric viability?
5-10 minutes
What percentage of dogs with GDV, also get a splenic torsion?
15.7-21%
What procedure should be performed in all GDV surgery and list three preferred techniques.
Gastropexy - incisional, belt loop, tube
What percentage fo dogs experience cardiac arrhythmias after GDV surgery?
40-50%
List the name of three drugs you can use to correct abnormal gastric motility.
Metaclopramide
Omeprazole
Cisapride
Which disease in humans is similar to megacolon in cats?
Hirschprung disease
What is the most common cause of megacolon?
Idiopathic (62%)
What are the three most common breeds to get feline megacolon?
DSH, DLH and Siamese
List two laxatives you can give to cats with megacolon?
Lactulose
Polyethylene glycol
List two colonic prokinestics and state which one is more effective on the colon and why.
Cisapride and Metoclopramide
Cisapride more effected as it stimulates contraction of both longitudinal and circular smooth muscle
List three situations in which feline megacolon indicates surgery.
Chronic constipation not responsive to medical therapy - irreversible
Constipation secondary to chronic, healed pelvic fractures
Constipation associated with perineal herniation
What peri-operative antibiotic would be best for a cat about to have surgery for megacolon?
Potentiated Amoxycillin
What does a total colectomy involve?
Removal of the whole colon including the ileocolic junction
List four complications of colopexy surgery
Breakdown at site of anastamosis > peritonitis
Post-operative diarrhoea
Ongoing constipation
Stricture
