Equine Acute and Chronic Diarrhoea Flashcards
What are the three main mechanisms of equine diarrhoea?
Malabsorption
Increased secretion
Decreased transit time
What is tranfaunation?
Where you would filter faeces from a healthy horse from the sick horse’s home environment.
Which two drugs can you use in horses to encourage blood flow to the colon wall?
Oral sucralfate
Oral misoprostal
Describe the 4 clinical syndromes of Salmonella enterica in horses.
Inapparent infections with latent or active carrier states
Depression, fever, anorexia, neutropenia without diarrhoea or colic
Acute enterocolitis with diarrhoea
Septicaemia with or without diarrhoea.
How does endotoxoaemia due to salmonella infection in horses cause acute enterocolitis?
Endotoxaemia causes inflammation of bacteria/LPS can cross to the bloodstream.
This can then cause endotoxic shock, risk of laminitis and the risk of thrombophlebitis.
Which symptoms are key when isolating horses with GI problems and how many of them have to be seen before isolating the horse?
Pyrexia, depression, diarrhoea, leukopenia
If a horse has any 2 then we should isolate.
How many serial faecal samples of salmonella are required for a diagnosis?
5 serial samples
What can a clostridial infection be triggered by?
Antbiotic adminstration
Where does Lawsonia intracellularis live in the body and what does it induce?
Obligate intracellular pathogen.
Induces proliferative enteropathy in small intestine.
Which horses are affected by Lawsonia intracellularis?
Weanling foals 4-6 months old.
Which antibiotic should you use in a Lawsonia intracellularis infection?
Doxycycline
Which antiparasitic should you use for cyathostomiasis in its encysted stages?
Moxidectin or 5 day fenbendazole (more resistance).
List four components of the treatment of equine inflammatory bowel diseases.
Corticosteroids
Resection
Short fibre diet
Yeasacc
