GIT Pathology 2

Question 1

Which breed of dog is predisposed to gingival hyperplasia?

Answer 1

Boxers

Question 2

Which virus causes canine oral papillomatosis?

Answer 2

Canine papillomavirus-1 infection

Question 3

List two oral neoplasias from dental tissue origin.

Answer 3

Peripheral odontogenic fibroma
Canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma

Question 4

Which species are peripheral odontogenic fibromas common in and what tissue are they made of?

Answer 4

Dogs, made of fibrous tissue.

Question 5

Where does the canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma originate from?

Answer 5

Odontogenic epithilum

Question 6

What is the action of a canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma?

Answer 6

Benign (does not metastasise) but often has aggressive behaviour with invasion of bone.

Question 7

List three neoplasias of non-dental tissue origin.

Answer 7

Squamous cell carcinoma
Malignant melanoma
Fibrosarcoma

Question 8

What is the most common oral neoplasm in cats?

Answer 8

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 9

List three general features of a squamous cell carcinoma.

Answer 9

Arises from stratified squamous mucosa lining the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx.
Malignant
Locally invasive
Tend to metastasize late in the clinical course.

Question 10

List common sites of an oral neoplasia.

Answer 10

Ventral surface of the tongue/sublingual close to frenulum
Gingiva

Question 11

What is the most common malignant oral neoplasm in dogs?

Answer 11

Malignant melanoma

Question 12

What is the most commong site of the malignant melanoma?

Answer 12

Gums and the lips

Question 13

What is the second most common oral neoplasm in cats?

Answer 13

Fibrosarcoma

Question 14

How do fibrosarcomas act in dogs and cats?

Answer 14

Dogs - may metastasize
Cats - low metastatic potential

Question 15

Describe how a true salivary cyst forms

Answer 15

Salivary gland duct blockage.
Duct remains intact.
Cystic dilation of the salivary gland or duct(s).

Question 16

Describe how a sialocele/pseudocyst forms.

Answer 16

Salivary gland duct rupture.
Saliva pooling in soft tissue stimulate encapsulation and mild inflammation.
Fluid filled cavity in soft tissues of the mouth or neck.

Question 17

What is a ranula?

Answer 17

Clinical term to describe a smooth rounded, fluctuant, cystic swelling on the floor of the mouth.

Question 18

What is inflammation of the salivary gland called?

Answer 18

Sialoadenitis

Question 19

List three types of mehcanical obstruction of the oesophagus

Answer 19

Intraluminal
Intramural
Extrinsic

Question 20

How do intraluminal oesophageal obtructions cause disease?

Answer 20

Occlusion

Question 21

List four presdisposed sites of oesophageal obstruction.

Answer 21

Larynx
Thoracic inlet
Heart base
Diaphragmatic hiatus

Question 22

List three possible consequences of choke.

Answer 22

Scarring
Stricture
Perforation leading to perioesophageal cellulitis

Question 23

List four causes of oesophagitis

Answer 23

Traumatic injury or obstruction
Viral diseases
Reflus of gastric acid
Ingestion of caustic/irritant chemicals, plants or dyes

Question 24

What is the most common neoplasia of the oesophagus?

Answer 24

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 25

Describe how megaoesophagus causes clinical signs.

Answer 25

Muscular dysfunction
Failure of peristalisis
Accumulation of ingesta in the oesophagus
Oesophageal dilation
Regurgitation
May have secondary oesophagitis, ulceration